The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, is one of the most important pests of sugar beet in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of water and nitrogen treatments of sugar beet planton developmental time and fecundity life table parameters of the pest. An experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions (25±2oC, 70±5% R.H. and 12L: 12D) on larvae reared...

In this paper we use the concept of resource cumulation to model various forms of computation. The space of cumulations (called a cumulator) is simply represented as a five tuple consisting of a well-founded partial order, a monoid and a volume function. The volume function is introduced to simplify reasoning about limit points and other topological properties. A specification command is a set ...

When an update to a view is requested by a user, there may be no unique way of up dating the stored relations in the database to realize the requested update. Chosing one of the alternatives for updating stored relations may not reflect the change that has actually taken place in the real world; in the presence of other derived views, the database may actually present a very wrong model of the ...

The terms "cumulative" and "cumulative effects" are becoming more widely used in environmental impact assessment. The popularity of the concept is understandable as our culture comes to recognize that solitary insults to the environment considered in isolation cannot capture the full effect of the problems now before us. But what exactly do we mean by the term "cumulative"? "Cumulative" means g...

The cumulative cyber deterrence can be seen as a concept in which increasing the weight of different means and their use increases deterrent effect on common level or selected adversaries. Cumulative may include all traditional options deterrence, active passive. Active characterized targeting specific threats actors, consisting several methods, while passive is form commonly targeted at potent...