The past inflexibility of international banks in granting concessions (like elimination of surcharges, partial debt cancellations, lower interest rates, etc.) is linked by Ortiz to case-by-case strategy adopted in debt renegotiations. Within this context, the fear of setting precedents is seen as a major explanation in the banks' negotiating stance. To renew political commitment to the improvem...

Globalization is something more than a purely economic phenomenon manifesting itself on a global scale. During the last few decades, human dynamics, institutional change, political relations, and the global environment have become more intertwined. Among these visible manifestations of globalization are the greater international movement of goods and services, financial capital, information and...

from the perspective of the states that their foreign policy is based on geo-economy, the economy is the most important mechanism of influence in target areas. therefore, with the strengthening of trade relations would be in an appropriate level to increase the mutual relations.  after the independence of central eurasian states, geographical - political events of central eurasia led to the cre...

This paper examines the contextual nature of gendered livelihood strategies through a comparative study of rural women=s producer groups in former homelands of South Africa and Appalachia. This comparative approach situates gendered livelihood strategies in distinct local contexts that are constituted by specific historical dynamics and cultural relations. Producer groups are defined here as co...

0

The dynamic capabilities approach to a firm’s organisation and behaviour is attracting a growing number of studies and applications, now evident in economics and business literature. Starting from the main features of the consequent debate, this paper analyses the theoretical foundations of dynamic capabilities and their relevance to a firm’s internal structure and external relations. The paper...

from the perspective of theorists of international relations including functionalists and regionalists, establishment of cooperation and economic, commercial and transportation relations is among the suitable methods for fostering integration in international relations and deepening friendship, peace and stability particularly among regional countries. considering this fact, the authors believe...