The isolation and quantitative determination of certain metabolic products formed from carbon compounds by crown-gall and related bacteria have been studied as part of a larger program (Riker and Berge, 1935) on atypical and pathological multiplication of cells. The general question of the metabolism of these microorganisms has been reviewed in a previous paper (Conner, Peterson and Riker, 1937...

The mitochondrion exhibits biochemical and functional variations that emerged by random chance as an evolutionary survival strategy, which include enhanced energy production driven by anaerobic respiratory mechanisms. In invertebrates, this mitochondrial anaerobic respiration permits survival at a lower energy state suited for this type of environment while yielding more ATP than by glycolysis ...

Crown gall disease caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens can cause significant economic loss in both commercial walnut orchards and in nursery operations in California. This results from the fact that, Paradox, one of the most popular walnut rootstocks in California, is extremely susceptible to A. tumefaciens infection and Crown Gall formation. By combining direct soil-DNA extractio...

OBJECTIVE Methanol extract of bran and unpolished grain of two traditional aromatic rice genotypes viz. Kalijira and Chinigura were assayed for their activity on the growth and initiation of crown-gall tumors on potato disks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A. tumefaciens) strain AtSl0105, AtTa0112, and AtAc0114 were used as the tumor forming agent. Collected rice was s...

Rahnella aquatilis strain HX2 has the ability to promote maize growth and suppress sunflower crown gall disease caused by Agrobacterium vitis, A. tumefaciens, and A. rhizogenes. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a cofactor of aldose and alcohol dehydrogenases, is required for the synthesis of an antibacterial substance, gluconic acid, by HX2. Mutants of HX2 unable to produce PQQ were obtained by ...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 3 causes both crown gall and root decay of grapes. All biovar 3 strains, regardless of their tumorigenicity, produce in culture a single polygalacturonase with a pI around 4.5. A. tumefaciens biovar 3 strain CG49 was mutagenized with Tn5 by using pSUP2021 as a suicide vector. A mutant strain, CG50, lacking polygalacturonase activity was isolated. The mutation wa...

The primary goal of this proposal is to develop novel regeneration technologies needed to engineer walnut rootstocks for pest and disease resistance. The productivity of the walnut industry of California is dependent the availability of superior rootstocks to combat soil disease and pest problems. Individual selections displaying resistance to either Phytophthora crown and root rots or to root ...

chinaberry (melia azedarach l.) is a beautiful tree indigenous to the himalayas that grows as a native plant in iran. symptoms similar to bacterial gall have been observed on the crown, shoot and twig of chinaberry, a recent landscape tree since 2003-2004 in shiraz, fars province, south of iran. a gram negative bacterium was isolated from the galls. the isolates did not produce fluorescent pigm...