Research for advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) has been focused on urban roads. However, research for short-term traffic prediction on all categories of highways is needed, as highway agencies expect to implement intelligent transportation systems across their jurisdictions. In this study, genetic algorithms were used to design time delay neural network (TDNN) models as well as local...

There is a consensus on the importance of rural roads when increasing economic growth and household welfare. However, little is known regarding the positive effect these roads will have on the welfare of households in Viet Nam. This paper aims to measure that effect. It is known that rural roads help households increase per capita income and working hours. The estimated impact of these roads on...

In this paper we present several optimizations introduced to Conditional Random Fields-based model for proper names recognition in Polish running texts. The proposed optimizations refer to word-level segmentation problems, gazetteers incompleteness, problem of unambiguous generalization features, feature construction and selection, and finally recognition of common proper names on the basis of ...

In this paper, we propose VANET Cross Link Corrected Routing (VCLCR), a simple yet novel, event-driven geographic routing protocol that removes cross links dynamically to avoid routing loops in urban Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). VCLCR uses the natural planar feature of urban maps without the problematic planarization strategy. The salient features of dynamic loop detection and statelessn...

Roads are pervasive features of modern landscapes and have major impacts on air, land, and water quality. The United States has >6.2 million km of public roads used by >200 million vehicles (National Research Council [NRC]1997). Road corridors (road plus maintained parallel strips) cover 1% of the United States (NRC 1997) but their direct environmental impacts extend to 20% of the land surface ...

Branch roads, which are densely distributed in cities, allow for the flow of local traffic and provide connections between the city and outlying areas. Branch roads are typically narrow, and two-way traffic flows on branch roads are thus affected when vehicles traveling in opposite directions meet. This study investigates the changes in the velocities of vehicles when they meet on two-way branc...

For the significance of road information to the city management, urban roads are subjects of great concern to be extracted from remotely sensed images. With the availability of high spatial resolution images from new generation commercial sensors, how to extract roads quickly, accurately and automatically has been a cutting-edge problem in remote sensing related fields. Present main approaches ...

We attempted a complete review of the empirical literature on effects of roads and traffic on animal abundance and distribution. We found 79 studies, with results for 131 species and 30 species groups. Overall, the number of documented negative effects of roads on animal abundance outnumbered the number of positive effects by a factor of 5; 114 responses were negative, 22 were positive, and 56 ...

This conference paper presents an accident study investigating where fatal alcoholand drugrelated accidents occur with respect to traffic environment (i.e., urban versus rural), road type, speed limit, annual average daily traffic flow, and road category. The study uses data from indepth studies of fatal accidents and from the Swedish National Road Database. Accident data from the 2006–2009 per...