Cross-Layer Adaptation (CLA) is regarded as a new paradigm for next generation wireless networks. It addresses the problems resulting from the highly dynamic characteristics of application requirements and transmission capabilities in the wireless system. In this paper, we show an implementation concept for cross-layer adaptation that is based on open programmable networks and demonstrate the p...

In this article, we present a cross-layer design scheme for 802.16-2005 system. The cross-layer design includes both MAC and PHY and is implemented through platform-based methods. In this design, we discuss how the cross-layer design affects radio resource management efficiency and system timing by examining system throughput. As for the platform-based design, we present a method that enables d...

Cross-layer design is becoming a popular design methodology for the IP-based next-generation wireless systems, and cross-layer signalling is a key enabler of such a methodology. Several methods are emerging to achieve this signalling in layered protocol stacks. Through these methods, the refined wireless systems are expected to gain significant performance improvement and/or obtain extended fun...

In this paper, we present a matrix game cross-layer optimization formulation to maximize the network lifetime in wireless ad hoc networks with network coding. To this end, we introduce a cross-layer formulation of general NUM ( Maximization) that accommodates routing, scheduling, and stream control from different layers in the coded networks. Specifically, develop a matrix game with the strateg...

Being different from other networks, the load and direction of data traffic for wireless sensor networks are rather predictable. The relationships between nodes are cooperative rather than competitive. These features allow the design approach of a protocol stack to be able to use the cross-layer interactive way instead of a hierarchical structure. The proposed cross-layer protocol CLWSN optimiz...

Polyacrylonitril (PAN)-supported chitosan (CS) nanocomposite membranes were prepared by cross-linking the CS with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTEOS) via sol-gel method. Pervaporative performances of the CS-SiO2/PAN membrane for dehydration of aqueous alcohol solutions were investigated. From SEM cross-sectional images of the membrane, the spongy pores and the finger-like pores we...

Wireless technology has seen a tremendous advancement in recent times. Overnight new researches are made and fascinating outcomes are accomplished. But it’s never imperative that such a technological growth in wireless system has offered numerous challenges to the research community. For improvement in the performance of wireless networks ‘cross-layer designing’ was coined. Many issues arouse f...

Complex applications and increased sensor capabilities will help proliferate wireless sensor networks into everyday life. However, as sensor nodes are battery-operated, sensor networks will require protocols to spare every possible bit of energy. This can be accomplished through cross-layer protocol optimizations that specialize the protocols for specific application requirements. However, as r...

We present an experimental and computational study of the response of twisted-cross metamaterials that provide near dispersionless optical rotation across a broad band of frequencies from 19 GHz to 37 GHz. We compare two distinct geometries: firstly, a bilayer structure comprised of arrays of metallic crosses where the crosses in the second layer are twisted about the layer normal; and secondly...