the field of elt is constantly witnessing the introduction of new instructional approaches: one such perhaps recent initiative is critical discourse analysis (cda). accordingly, the present study was an attempt to investigate the impact of cda instruction on iranian efl learners’ descriptive and argumentative writing ability. to fulfill the aforementioned purpose, a sample toefl was primarily p...

This paper presents a reflection on the process of doing critical discourse research. Examples from a current project on the discursive construction of ‘older worker’ identity are used to illustrate how major challenges inherent in undertaking discourse research can be addressed. These involved initial justifications of discourse theory as a research framework, research design and the selection...

during the era of bush administration and post-september 11th anti-terrorism discourse, the movie 300 was one of the best exemplar of a close relationship between hollywood pop culture products and the neo-conservatives’ political discourse of nationalism. from my point of view, 300 is not an example of outstanding artistic films, but a film that more than any other film contains an iranophobic...

Language is not only used as the means of communication, but also device achieving dominance. This article aims at describing and analyzing real meaning bharata revealing misinterpretation on by Buton Kingdom for political dominance four surrounding kingdoms: Muna, Tiworo, Kaledupa, Kulisusu in 17th – 20th centuries. The study was designed descriptive qualitativey with steps framework: (1) expl...

Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) is a standard for the exchange of electronic medical records. This paper describes a self-protecting security framework for protecting the security and privacy of CDA documents. The framework extends a CDA document with markups from XML based security standards including eXtensible Access Control Markup Language, XML Encryption, and XML Signature. This integ...