arthritis refers to different medical conditions associated with disorder of the primary structures that determine joint functions such as bones, cartilage and synovial membranes. drug discovery and delivery to retard the degeneration of joint tissues are challenging. current treatments of different arthritis involves administration of ideal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) but ar...

Cyclooxygenase (COX) -1 and COX-2 are expressed in airway cells, where their activities influence functions such as airway hyperreactivity. Clinical data show that mixed COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors such as aspirin, but not COX-2 selective inhibitors such as rofecoxib, induce bronchoconstriction and asthma in sensitive individuals. This anomaly has not yet been explained. Here, we have used tissue fr...

We hypothesized that combined treatment with Cox-1 and Cox-2 specific inhibitiors would exhibit synergistic effects against breast cancer in vitro. Two human breast cancer cell lines (HTB26, MCF-7) were treated with catechin (Cox-1 inhibitor) or NS398 (Cox-2 inhibitor) at 100 microM as both single and combined treatments. Reductions in cell growth were observed in both cell lines at 24 and 72 h...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) act mainly via inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis by inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes (COX1 and COX 2). Selective COX-2 inhibitors which are also known as coxibs provide the main therapeutic effects of NSAIDs. Zarghi et al. reported 6-benzoyl-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (AZGH 101) as a novel derivative of...

Professor John Vane won the Nobel Prize for elucidating the mechanism of action of aspirin. He reported that this was accomplished by blocking the enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX-1) that was responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Prostaglandins liberated from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase are short-lived substances that act as local hormones (autocoids) imp...

Basophils have been erroneously considered as minor relatives of mast cells, due to some phenotypic similarity between them. While recent studies have revealed non-redundant roles for basophils in various immune responses, basophil-derived effector molecules, including lipid mediators, remain poorly characterized, compared to mast cell-derived ones. Here we analyzed and compared eicosanoids pro...

Prostaglandins were discovered in human semen in 1930, but their low concentrations and instability precluded identification for nearly 30 years (for a brief historical review, see Ref. 1). Once they were identified, it was clear they arose from polyunsaturated fatty acids by a complex series of reactions involving oxygenation, cyclization, and the generation of five chiral centers from an achi...

The aim of this study was to assess cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 expression in skeletal muscle after an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral hindlimb ischemia for 2 h and then euthanized after 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 24, and 72 h of reperfusion. The COX protein and mRNA were assessed in control and injured gastrocnemius muscle. Muscle damage was indir...

BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 deficiency results in greater morbidity and inflammation, whereas COX-2 deficiency leads to reduced morbidity, inflammation and mortality in influenza infected mice. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We investigated the effects of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors in influenza A viral infection. Mice were given a COX-1 inhibitor (SC-560)...