Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic chemicals produced by the fungal species, Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. These fungi can infect crops before and after harvest and produce aflatoxins, thereby contaminating foods and feeds and threatening both human and animal health (Goldblatt, 1970; Jelinek et al., 1989). The first report of the toxicity of aflatoxins appeared nearly thirty years ago...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects daily supplementation with a low dosage blend condensed and hydrolysable tannins on in vitro situ digestibility protein fibrous feedstuffs. In ruminal incubation assays were conducted seven five roughage feedstuffs without tannin (1 g/kg DM intake). From these same cattle, rumen fluid collected for incubations we evaluated gas production (...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a probiotic on in situ ruminal DM, OM, CP and starch degradability values some energy protein sources commonly used ruminant nutrition. In study, degradation kinetics fractions dry matter, organic crude protein, 6 different feedstuffs (barley, wheat, corn, sunflower seed meal, cottonseed meal soybean meal) anima...

BACKGROUND Some strains of Bacillus licheniformis have been improved by target-directed screening as well as by classical genetic manipulation and used in commercial thermostable alpha-amylase and alkaline protease production for over 40 years. Further improvements in production of these enzymes are desirable. RESULTS A new strain of B. licheniformis CBBD302 carrying a recombinant plasmid pHY...

Whole cottonseed (WCS) and soybean meal (SBM) were evaluated as potential supplements for preconditioning beef calves in Florida. Weaned calves were fed 2.78 lb/hd/d as fed of WCS or 1.40 lb/hd/d as fed of SBM for a 42-d preconditioning period. Steer calves fed WCS had lower preconditioning weight gains than steers supplemented with SBM (30.7 lb/ hd vs 40.1lb/hd). An economic evaluation of prec...

Skeletal abnormalities consisting of shortened long bones, enlarged joints and splayed front feet in newborn calves were associated with cows fed apple pomace supplemented with nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) during late gestation. Measurements of x-ray films of the metacarpus and lumber vertebrae from 86 calves in three trials showed that calves from dams fed apple pomace and NPN had longer, thicker...