UNLABELLED Objective (s): Scar formation in injured peripheral nerve bed causes several consequences which impede the process of nerve regeneration. Several animal models are used for scar induction in preclinical studies which target prevention and/or suppression of perineural scar. This study evaluates the translational capacity of four of physical injury models to induce scar formation aroun...

A scar is an expected result of wound healing. However, in some individuals, and particularly in burn victims, the wound healing processes may lead to a fibrotic hypertrophic scar, which is raised, red, inflexible and responsible for serious functional and cosmetic problems. It seems that a wide array of subsequent processes are involved in hypertrophic scar formation, like an affected haemosta...

BACKGROUND The use of a tourniquet in hand surgery is generally accepted as necessary to create a clear visualization of the operative field. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of one-per-million tumescent solution (1:1,000,000 epinephrine concentration) in creating a bloodless operative field in post-burn hand deformity surgeries performed without a tourniquet. METHODS This retro...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There have been several case reports of improvement in the appearance of mature burn scars following treatment with fractional CO(2) lasers. However, the biochemical mechanisms responsible for these improvements have not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with mature, full-thickness, hypertrophic burn scars received initial treatment with a fractional...

Lesion-induced scarring is a major impediment for regeneration of injured axons in the central nervous system (CNS). The collagen-rich glial-fibrous scar contains numerous axon growth inhibitory factors forming a regeneration-barrier for axons. We demonstrated previously that the combination of the iron chelator 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-decarboxylic acid (BPY-DCA) and 8-Br-cyclic AMP (cAMP) inhibit...

background wound healing is widely discussed in the medical literature. this study compared the healing effect of aloe vera extract and silver sulfadiazine in burn injuries in experimental rat model. methods sixteen rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups, each group 8 rats. a deep second-degree burn on the lower back and 3rd degree burn on upper back of each rat were created with a st...

H ypertrophic scar formation is a major clinical problem in the developing and industrialized worlds. Burn injuries, traumatic injuries, and surgical procedures can give rise to exuberant scarring that results in permanent functional loss and the stigma of disfi gurement. Figure 1 illustrates the scope of the problem. Annually, over 1 million people require treatment for burns in the United Sta...

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most serious clinical diseases, which not only affects the patient's physical and mental status, but its effects will be spread to family and community. After severe spinal cord injury, astrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS) become reactive astrocytes, and play the main role of glial scar formation. The scar is a major obstacle to r...

Traumatic injury to the adult mammalian spinal cord results in varying degrees of lost motor and sensory nerve function. Damaged axons of the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit a severely limited regenerative capacity; paralysis induced by severe trauma is generally permanent. Previous studies have attempted to simulate the peripheral nerve environment, where axonal regeneration is spontaneou...

Most cutaneous wounds heal with scar formation. Ideally, an inconspicuous normotrophic scar is formed, but an abnormal scar (hypertrophic scar or keloid) can also develop. A major challenge to scientists and physicians is to prevent adverse scar formation after severe trauma (e.g. burn injury) and understand why some individuals will form adverse scars even after relatively minor injury. Curren...