It took the European Union (EU) 35 years to achieve a co-operative agreement on co-ordinated measures of savings taxation. Political science has offered two explanations for this. First, co-operation is difficult to achieve as a resuIt of heterogeneity. Countries with a small domestic tax base favor tax competition, while coulltries with a large tax base prefer tax co-operation. Second, co-oper...

Sodium-pumping rhodopsins (NaRs) are light-driven outward Na(+) pumps. NaRs have a conserved Asn, Asp, and Gln motif (NDQ) in the third transmembrane helix (helix C). The NDQ motif is thus expected to play a crucial role in the operation of the Na(+) pump. Herein, we studied the photocycles of the NDQ-motif mutants of Krokinobacter rhodopsin 2 (KR2), the first discovered NaR, by flash photolysi...

Background: Cooperative learning as an educational approach plays a crucial role in English as a second/foreign language education. The effective role of cooperative learning seems to be so dominant that it deserves further investigation. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the impact of cooperative learning strategies on reading comprehension and vocabulary learning of nursing stude...

background the direct and indirect negative impacts of hypertension on mortality and morbidity and the deficiencies in physicians’ knowledge on its management prompted us to search for new methods of training this item. objectives in this study, 2 methods of teaching—planned lecture and cooperation—were compared in instructing hypertension to medical students. materials and methods this study w...

in recent years, farming section of south khorasan province faces different limitations such as increasing shortage of water resources and continuous reduction of weather showers.considering consecutive droughts and water crisis in agricultural plain of the province, it is necessary to use water resources optimally and increase productivity of water shortage input. comparison of water productiv...

Introduction: In Pharmacy Diploma Program, mathematics is known as pharmaceutical mathematics. Due to the importance of pharmaceutical mathematics in practice, it is important to have a basic mathematical skill as a basis in calculations in pharmaceutical science. Therefore, it is necessary to create a lecturing condition that enables students more active in understanding the lessons. This rese...

There is controversy on the conditions under which cooperative learning methods can improve academic achievement. Group-specific motivational aspects might contribute to the effectiveness of cooperative learning among which classroom goal structures were focused on. More specifically, the study aimed at investigating the efficiency of cooperative writing technique through performance versus mas...

abstract regarding temporal variation of rivers discharge and demands, for suitable use of dam reservoirs stored water, application of operation rule curves is necessary. operation rules are expressed with rule curves. application of yield model is one of the methods of operation curve preparation, which correlates reservoir operation with reservoir storage volume in first period. in this study...