What slope angle favours the development of katabatic flow is still an open question. Some studies have clarified that katabatic winds are stronger on steep slopes, while others have demonstrated that katabatic winds are stronger on gentle slopes. Here, we explore the control mechanisms of katabatic flow using a simplified theoretical model in an attempt to clarify the causes of the paradoxical...

In this study, thermochromic photonic gels were fabricated using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a hydrogel building block, and 4-Acryloyl morpholine (ACMO) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM) as thermoresponsive monomers with different critical solution temperature behaviors. Rapid photopolymerization of opal-templated monomer mixtures of varying ACMO contents formed five individual therm...

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study a spherically symmetric ‘twoscale’ Jagla potential with both repulsive and attractive ramps. This potential displays a liquid–liquid phase transition with a positively sloped coexistence line ending at a critical point well above the equilibrium melting line. We study the dynamic behaviour in the vicinity of this liquid–liquid critical point. Below...

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the Jagla model of a liquid which consists of particles interacting via a spherically symmetric two-scale potential with both repulsive and attractive ramps. This potential displays anomalies similar to those found in liquid water, namely expansion upon cooling and an increase of diffusivity upon compression, as well as a liquid-liquid (LL) phase t...

background heat is a harmful factor in workplaces that causes physiologic and cognitive changes in workers. objectives the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cooling vest on heat strain and reaction time while wearing chemical-biological-nuclear protective clothes. methods twelve male students with mean age of 25 ± 2 and body mass index (bmi) of 23 ± 1.5 were recruited in th...

The isotopic thermochronological study included the U–Pb (SHRIMP) and fission-track dating of zircon and fission-track and (U–Th)–He dating of apatite from syenite intrusions cropping out in the eastern slope of the Sredinnyi Range of Kamchatka. The emplacement time of the intrusion was determined, and its exhumation velocity was evaluated. According to U–Pb (SHRIMP) zircon dating, the age of s...

Graphene charge carriers behave as massless Dirac fermions, opening the exciting possibility to observe long-range virtual tunneling of electrons in a solid. In granular metals, electron hops arising from series of virtual transitions are predicted to yield observable currents at low-enough temperatures, but to date experimental evidence is lacking. We report on electron transport in granular g...

In a steam power plant, the temperature of the cooling water leaving the condenser for recyclingshould decrease. This is achieved in a cooling tower. The Heller cooling tower does not require waterfor operation, thus, it is a suitable system for use in thermal power plants throughout Iran. Wind is anenvironmental factor that unfavorably affects the performance of a cooling tower. Previous studi...

Context. A study of the structural and scaling properties of the temperature distribution of the hot, X-ray emitting intra-cluster medium of galaxy clusters, and its dependence on dynamical state, can give insights into the physical processes governing the formation and evolution of structure. Aims. Accurate temperature measurements are a pre-requisite for a precise knowledge of the thermodynam...

If the emission of gamma–ray bursts were due to the synchrotron process in the standard internal shock scenario, then the typical observed spectrum should have a slope Fν ∝ ν , which strongly conflicts with the much harder spectra observed. This directly follows from the cooling time being much shorter than the dynamical time. Particle re–acceleration, deviations from equipartition, fastly chan...