This paper brief the use of very high precision Noise shaping sigma delta modulation techniques for high applications that require a signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution. A continuous-time delta-sigma A/D modulator with OSR of 40, signal bandwidth of 1.5625 MHz and clocked at 500MHz is implemented. This achieves 78 dB SNR and 12 bits of resolution.

a toroidalization of a dominant morphism $varphi: xto y$ of algebraic varieties over a field of characteristic zero is a toroidal lifting of $varphi$ obtained by performing sequences of blow ups of nonsingular subvarieties above $x$ and $y$. we give a proof of toroidalization of locally toroidal morphisms of 3-folds.

in this research work, alpha particle detector is made using semi-insulating gaas. a surface barrier detector with a semi-insulating gaas substrate at room temperature with pressure of 10-4 torr under -particle radiation with 5.48 mev of am241 source, have been under investigation. energy resolution of 2 and 3 mm schottky diameter have been matured and compared with the effect of voltage varia...

This paper improves constrained simulated annealing (CSA), a discrete global minimization algorithm with asymptotic convergence to discrete constrained global minima with probability one. The algorithm is based on the necessary and suucient conditions for discrete constrained local minima in the theory of discrete La-grange multipliers. We extend CSA to solve nonlinear continuous constrained op...

High performance, short coherence length light sources with broad bandwidths and high output powers are critical for high-speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging. We demonstrate a new, high performance light source for ultrahigh resolution OCT. Bandwidths of 140 nm at 1300 nm center wavelength with high output powers of 330 mW are generated by an all-fiber Raman light source based on a continuo...

Background: A variable resolution X-ray (VRX) CT scanner provides a great increase in the spatial resolution. In VRX CT scanners, the spatial resolution of the system and its field of view (FOV) can be changed according to the object size. One of the main factors that limit the spatial resolution of VRX CT scanner is the effect of the X-ray focal spot. Materials and Methods: A theoreti...

it seems that resolution of internal conflict is studied less than the international one. current literature in this regard is not focused on theoretical aspects of conflict resolution, particularly, on conditions and necessaries of resolving these kinds of conflicts. nevertheless, in political science literature it is possible to find some texts that implicitly or explicitly are related to thi...