in the current paper, we have studied the effect of dark energy on for-mation where dark energy exists in the background. for this purpose, we used both wmap9 and planck data to study how the radius changes with redshift in these mod-els. we used different data sets to fix the cosmological parameters to obtain a solution for a spherical region under collapse. the mechanism of structure formation f...

The absolute light sensitivity of Phycomyces sporangiophores was determined by analyzing the intensity dependence of the phototropic bending rate and of the light growth and dark growth responses to step changes of the intensity. We found that the different methods give approximately the same results for the wild-type strain, as well as for several behavioral mutants with defects in the genes m...

We determine the scalar field evolution of a braneworld localized black hole with both dark matter and energy components, obtained within dynamical continuous embedding formalism by use Nash’s theorem. further extract associated quasinormal modes for de Sitter–Schwarzschild-Dark anti-de solutions, different causal structures (one, two or three horizon spacetimes) given space parameters. By comp...

apoptosis plays an important role in many pathological processes of the central nervous system. the neuroprotective effect of periodic fasting (pf) in contrast to severe fasting or starvation has been suggested. however, these beneficial effects seem to depend on the type and duration of the used feeding protocol. this study was designed to evaluate the effects of different pf protocols on the ...

1 Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142 is a unicellular, diazotrophic cyanobacterium that demonstrates 2 extensive metabolic periodicities of photosynthesis, respiration and nitrogen fixation when grown under 3 N2-fixing conditions. We have performed a global transcription analysis of this organism using 6 h 4 light/dark cycles in order to determine the response of the cell to these conditions and ...

Crocosphaera watsonii WH 8501 is a marine unicellular cyanobacterium that fixes nitrogen primarily during the dark phase of a light-dark (LD) cycle. Circadian clocks modulate gene transcription and cellular activity in many, if not all, cyanobacteria. A model for circadian control has been proposed in cyanobacteria, called the oscilloid model, which is based on topological changes of nucleoid D...

Synchronization of biological rhythms to the 24-hour day/night has long been studied with model organisms, under artificial light/dark cycles in the laboratory. The commonly used rectangular light/dark cycles, comprising hours of continuous light and darkness, may not be representative of the natural light exposure for most species, including humans. Subterranean rodents live in dark undergroun...