Abstract Kilonovae are ultraviolet, optical, and infrared transients powered by the radioactive decay of heavy elements following a neutron star merger. Joint observations kilonovae gravitational waves can offer key constraints on source Galactic r -process enrichment, among other astrophysical topics. However, robust element production require rapid kilonova detection (within ∼1 day merger) as...

It is shown that any stabilizing, certainty equivalence control used within an adaptive control system, causes the familiar interconnection of a controlled process and associated output estimator to be detectable through the estimator's output error ep, for every frozen value of the index or parameter vector p upon which both the estimator and controller dynamics depend. The fact that certainty...