Self-dealing in securities issuance can be characterized by an issuing manager who gains at the expense of the other existing stakeholders in the issue. The current system of public securities issuance for U.S. states potentially allows for conflict of interest through campaign contributions that benefit issuing officials. This paper shows that selecting a contributing underwriter through negot...

PURPOSE To quantify the extent of visual function losses in patients with North Carolina Macular Dystrophy (NCMD) and to demonstrate the importance of accounting for eccentric fixation when making comparisons with normal data. METHODS Five patients with NCMD who were from a single family were examined. Multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) and psychophysical assessments of acuity and luminan...

Biomass produced from dedicated plantations constitutes a source of renewable energy and is expected to play an important role in several countries in the coming decades. The cultivation of woody crops such as willows therefore raises several environmental issues. In North America, several native willows are potentially interesting for biomass producers. Willow trees are diverse but few species...

(eds.) ReefBase: A global database oncoral reefs and their resources. ICLARM,Manila.

Simulation has been utilized in the planning and development of almost all sectors of the transportation field. The practicing transportation community primarily relies on simulation packages, as opposed to “ground up” simulation development. Unfortunately, the use of these simulation packages has several disadvantages, most notably the “black box” phenomenon and reduced modeling flexibility. T...