To evaluate whether children with and without autism could exhibit (a) functional equivalence in the course of yoked repeated-reversal training and (b) reversal learning set, 6 children, in each of two experiments, were exposed to simple discrimination contingencies with three sets of stimuli. The discriminative functions of the set members were yoked and repeatedly reversed. In Experiment 1, a...

Rats received electric shock that was preceded by either a warning signal, a series of signals forming an "external clock," or no signal at all. In all conditions, subjects which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less ulceration than, did yoked "helpless" animals which received exactly the same shock (through fixed electrodes wired in series) but had no control over shock. Presence or a...

The purpose of this study was to explore the potential applicability of biofeedback-assisted relaxation training using frontalis EMG as it might be applied as part of a preincident stress-management training program within a model of comprehensive crisis intervention. For 4 consecutive weeks, 37 treatment participants were taught a different relaxation technique followed by six weekly sessions ...

This paper reports an experiment testing whether volitional control over the presentation of stimuli leads to enhanced recognition memory in 6to 8-year-old children. Children were presented with a simple memory game on an iPad. During the study phase, for half of the materials children could decide the order and pacing of stimuli presentation (active condition). For the other half of the materi...

UNLABELLED The prelimbic region (PL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in the relapse of drug-seeking behavior. Optimal mPFC functioning relies on synaptic connections involving dendritic spines in pyramidal neurons, whereas prefrontal dysfunction resulting from elevated glucocorticoids, stress, aging, and mental illness are each linked to decreased apical dendritic branching...

Current models of the ocular motor system are usually presented in their most reduced form, are unilateral in architecture, and precise yoking is presumed. Although this simplifies the models, it does not accurately simulate the actual neuroanatomy and limits the models to simple, stereotyped responses. Studies of normal humans and monkeys have demonstrated striking disconjugacies in normal res...