Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) capsid proteins spontaneously assemble around the genome into a protective protein shell called the capsid, which can take on a variety of shapes broadly classified as conical, cylindrical, and irregular. The majority of capsids seen in in vivo studies are conical in shape, while in vitro experiments have shown a preference for cylindrical capsids. The factors...

Conventional sensors, such as proximeters and accelerometers, are add-on devices usually adding additional weights to structures and machines. Health monitoring of flexible structures by electroactive smart materials has been investigated over the years. Thin-film piezoelectric material, e.g. polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymeric material, is a lightweight and dynamic sensitive material appe...

A broadened or double humped away-side structure was observed in 2particle azimuthal jet-like correlations at RHIC and SPS. This modification can be explained by conical emission, from either Mach-cone shock waves or Čerenkov gluon radiation, and by other physics mechanisms, such as large angle gluon radiation, jets deflected by radial flow and path-length dependent energy loss. Three-particle ...

Theoretical analyses are presented for the stability of symmetric and asymmetric vortex pairs over slender conical wings and bodies under small perturbations in an inviscid incompressible flow at high angles of attack and sideslip. The three-dimensional problem of a pair of vortices over slender conical wings and bodies is reduced to a problem in two dimensions by using the conical flow assumpt...

We report the results of theoretical studies of the time-resolved femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of quantum wavepackets through the conical intersection between the first two (2)A' states of NO(2). The Hamiltonian explicitly includes the pump-pulse interaction, the nonadiabatic coupling due to the conical intersection between the neutral states, and the probe interaction between the neu...

Based on the classical shell theory, the linear dynamic response of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) truncated conical shells resting on elastic foundations subjected to dynamic loads is presented. The truncated conical shells are reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that vary according to the linear functions of the shell thickness. The motio...

Three-state conical intersections have been located and characterized for cytosine and its analog 5-methyl-2-pyrimidinone using multireference configuration-interaction ab initio methods. The potential energy surfaces for each base contain three different three-state intersections: two different S(0)-S(1)-S(2) intersections (gs/pi pi(*)/n(N)pi(*) and gs/pi pi(*)/n(O)pi(*)) and an S(1)-S(2)-S(3)...

We investigate the vacuum polarization effects associated with a charged massless spin1/2 field in a higher-dimensional space-time, induced by a composite topological defect. The defect is constituted by a global monopole living on a three-brane and two-dimensional conical space transverse to the latter. In addition, we assume the presence of an extra magnetic flux along the core of the conical...

Although cementless revision arthroplasty of the hip has become the gold standard, revision arthroplasty of the distal femur is controversial. This study evaluated the anchoring principles of different femoral revision stem designs in extended bone defect situations, taking into account the anatomical conditions of the proximal and distal femur, and the resulting primary stability. Cementless p...