abstract background and aim: the purpose of the present research was to validating the revised dyadic adjustment scales for marital quality in men and women referred in sanandaj counseling centered. methods: disgn is a study of correlation sort (factor analysis of tendentious oblimin rotation sort). in this research 384 subjects(women and men) were selected from clients in sanandaj counseling c...

OBJECTIVE Mental health services in Australia are increasingly becoming recovery orientated. However, there are varying meanings for recovery and few measures that specifically target recovery outcomes. The current study aimed to assess the construct and concurrent validity of a patient self-report measure, the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS). METHOD Participants were 168 individuals with sev...

the aim of this study was to determine the relationship of psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in physical education teachers in iran high schools and to determine which dimensions of these variables increase organizational citizenship behavior. 330 physical education teachers were selected using multistage cluster random sampling method....

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QOL) is a goal for nursing home residents, but measures are needed to tap this phenomenon. METHODS In-person QOL interviews were attempted for 1988 residents, stratified by cognitive functioning, from 40 nursing homes in five states. Likert-type response options were used with reversion to dichotomous responses when necessary; z-score transformations were used to c...

There is no unified view about how teachers’ integration of information and communication technology (ICT) should be measured. While many instruments have focused on the technological aspects, recent studies have suggested teachers’ pedagogical considerations, professional development, and emerging ethical and safety issues should be included when assessing teachers’ ICT literacy. Using the per...

effective communication is one of the main factors contributing to organizational silence. organizational silence has undeniable impact on the decreasing the employee participation. in this paper we have studied the effect of communication on organizational silence reduction. we had used descriptive correlation type. our statistical population was consisted of 304 employees of state and private...

INTRODUCTION Alexithymia refers to a specific disturbance in psychic functioning characterized by a limited ability to identify and communicate one's feelings. Development of specific rating scales and notably the well-validated 20-item Toronto alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) have allowed the study of alexithymia in numerous samples of clinical or non-clinical subjects. Recently, Rieffe et al. [Pers...