Recent advances in liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) technology have provided an opportunity for the development of more specific approaches to achieve the 'screen' and 'confirmation' goals in a single analytical step. For this purpose, this study adapts the electrospray ionization ion trap LC/MS/MS instrumentation (LC/ESI-MS/MS) for the screening and confirmation of ove...

The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect different instructional strategies on student teachers’ confirmation bias. Confirmation bias refers selectivity in finding and using evidence that fits one’s own beliefs or hypotheses while neglecting is opposite (Nickerson, 1998). Dutch teachers (n = 141) took a pre-test were then randomly assigned three conditions; teaching video (TOV), pre...

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was detected in the ether extracts of culture filtrates of indigotin-producing strains of the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune. Several solvents, known to give distinctly different R(F) values for IAA, and 3 location reagents gave identical results with synthetic IAA and IAA found in the extract. Confirmation was obtained by the Avena straight growth test, split pe...

INTRODUCTION There is an urgent need for affordable point-of-care diagnostics for the differentiation of febrile illnesses and the confirmation of typhoid in endemic countries. METHODOLOGY Blood samples were collected from febrile patients with clinical suspicion of typhoid and screened for typhoid fever using the Widal and Typhi Dri Dot tests, while stool and blood samples were screened for ...

OBJECTIVE Testing for antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was introduced to detect blood donors suffering from occult hepatitis B infection. Confirmation of specification of reactive results in the anti-HBc screening assay is still a challenge for blood donation services. METHODS Two different test strategies for confirmation of specification of reactive anti-HBc tests, one...

Background/Overview Genetic testing of adults with suspected lactase insufficiency is proposed as an alternative to current diagnostic practices. Studies have demonstrated a tight correlation between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -13910 C > T upstream of the gene coding for the enzyme lactase and lactase insufficiency in persons of European ancestry. Currently, two indirect tests of la...

ColorPACTM Toxin A Test is a rapid chromatographic assay for the qualitative detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A (enterotoxin) in stool specimens from patients suspected of having C.difficile-associated disease. The test can also be used for confirmation of suspect colonies of toxigenic C.difficile from agar plates or BHI broth. This assay is intended for use as an aid in the diagnosis o...

Oral fluid specimens (N = 1406) were collected from 19 subjects prior to and up to 72 h following controlled administration of oral codeine. Volunteers provided informed consent to participate in this National Institute on Drug Abuse Institutional Review Board-approved protocol. A modification of Cozart Microplate Opiate EIA Oral Fluid Kit (Opiate ELISA), employing codeine calibrators, was used...

The control of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is compromised by low sensitivity of the routinely used parasitologic confirmation tests. More sensitive alternatives, such as mini-anion exchange centrifugation technique (mAECT) or capillary tube centrifugation (CTC), are more expensive. We used formal decision analysis to assess the cost-effectiveness of alternat...