Social media platforms provide a source for transmitting information that can become widely accepted. However, in this process of transmission, information becomes susceptible to distortion. In this study, we assessed people’s semantic (i.e., prior expectations) and recognition memory for pop culture content, as a function of confidence and perceived information source. In Experiment 1, we inve...

The paired-associate task has been used with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in studies that assessed the role of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) subserving recollection and familiarity.Some researchers have interpreted their results to mean that the hippocampus selectively subserves recollection and not familiarity[cf., Eichenbaum et al., (2007) Annu Rev Neurosci 30:123–152]. Yet m...

Researchers use a wide range of confidence scales when measuring the relationship between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory, with the highest number usually representing the greatest confidence (e.g., 4-point, 20-point, and 100-point scales). The assumption seems to be that the range of the scale has little bearing on the confidence-accuracy relationship. In two old/new recognition...

Overdistribution is a form of memory distortion in which an event is remembered as belonging to too many episodic states, states that are logically or empirically incompatible with each other. We investigated a response formatting method of suppressing 2 basic types of overdistribution, disjunction and conjunction illusions, which parallel some classic illusions in the judgment and decision mak...

Abstract When young children evaluate their confidence, monitoring is often overoptimistic, that is, inaccurate. The present study investigated a potential underlying mechanism for kindergarteners’ and second graders’ overconfidence within paired associates learning paradigm. We implemented pre-monitoring phase motivating to differentially confidence each alternative before could choose an answ...

Eye movements can reflect memory. For example, participants make fewer fixations and sample fewer regions when viewing old versus new scenes (the repetition effect). It is unclear whether the repetition effect requires that participants have knowledge (awareness) of the old-new status of the scenes or if it can occur independent of knowledge about old-new status. It is also unclear whether the ...

AIMS/INTRODUCTION Depression, anger, sleep disorders and cognitive impairment are regarded as presenting a high risk for diabetes. We investigated whether responses to single statements on a self-report questionnaire on the presence of each of these four factors were associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated 3,211 Japanese individuals without di...

the aim of the study was to find whether there is an association between subjective memory complaint and memory impairment and probable underlying psychological conditions. a total of 90 patients with subjective memory complaint enrolled in this study. short history and demographic information were obtained and then the patients underwent memory and mental health assessments, using wechsler mem...

The goal of this paper is to indicate a new method for constructing normal confidence intervals the mean, when data coming from stochastic structures with possibly long memory, especially dependence structure not known or even existence density function. More precisely we introduce random smoothing suggested by kernel estimators regression are constructed under sole condition that sequence ergo...

The aim of this multicenter observational study conducted in France was to determine the prevalence of memory impairment in ambulatory patients aged≥70 years with chronic heart failure (HF). Two hundred ninety-one cardiologists recruited 912 ambulatory patients with HF (mean age 79.2±5.8 years) from January to November 2009. Memory was evaluated by the delayed-recall Memory Impairment Screen (M...