background: liver cancer mortality is high in thailand but utility of related vital statistics is limited due to national vital registration (vr) data being under reported for specific causes of deaths. accurate methodologies and reliable supplementary data are needed to provide worthy national vital statistics. this study aimed to model liver cancer deaths based on verbal autopsy (va) study in...

Accountant working in the private or public sector companies must remain impartial and loyal to ethical guidelines when reviewing a company or individuals financial records for reporting purposes. People are expecting a lot from the professional community and the quality of the complex services provided by the accounting profession have confidence. Of The information provided by accountants sho...

The degree of confidence in one’s choice or decision is a critical aspect of perceptual decision making. Attempts to quantify a decision maker’s confidence by measuring accuracy in a task have yielded limited success because confidence and accuracy are typically not equal. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian framework to model confidence in perceptual decision making. We show that this model...

The risk of breast cancer in first degree relatives of patients with breast cancer can be derived from family history and is dependent upon the age at diagnosis in the index patient. For the relatives of index patients older than 55, the relative risk is 1.57, if less than 55 the relative risk is 2.29, and 3.85 if less than 45 (95% confidence limits 0.83 to 2.68, 1.18 to 4.01, and 1.67 to 3.85,...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity has increased substantially over the past 30 years. We performed a quantitative analysis of the nature and extent of the person-to-person spread of obesity as a possible factor contributing to the obesity epidemic. METHODS We evaluated a densely interconnected social network of 12,067 people assessed repeatedly from 1971 to 2003 as part of the Framingham H...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of smoking has decreased substantially in the United States over the past 30 years. We examined the extent of the person-to-person spread of smoking behavior and the extent to which groups of widely connected people quit together. METHODS We studied a densely interconnected social network of 12,067 people assessed repeatedly from 1971 to 2003 as part of the Framingha...

AIM To investigate fellowship outcomes among junior researchers in medicine, supported by the Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia. METHODS We used the data on junior researchers whose fellowships terminated between 1999 and 2005. Employment outcomes and scientific productivity, measured by the number of published articles indexed in the Web of Science databas...

Large randomized controlled clinical trials are the gold standard to evaluate and compare the effects of treatments. It is common practice for investigators to explore and even attempt to compare treatments, beyond the first round of primary analyses, for various subsets of the study populations based on scientific or clinical interests to take advantage of the potentially rich information cont...

The Happiness Scale Interval Study deals with survey questions on happiness, using verbal response options, such as 'very happy' and 'pretty happy'. The aim is to estimate what degrees of happiness are denoted by such terms in different questions and languages. These degrees are expressed in numerical values on a continuous [0,10] scale, which are then used to compute 'transformed' means and st...

The molecular topology of a graph is described by topological indices, which are numerical measures. In theoretical chemistry, indices quantities that used to represent the networks. These can be calculate several physical and chemical properties compounds, such as boiling point, entropy, heat generation, vaporization enthalpy. Graph theory comes in handy when looking at link between certain so...