This paper examined the non-tradable share reform affects ownership structure and figure out how the mechanism relationship between two types of equity agency cost changes. In order to achieve the result, data from listed company is used to analyze the changes of relationship between ownership structure and equity agency cost after non-tradable share reform. The results of the research show non...

As a production platform for recombinant proteins, plant leaf tissue has many advantages, but commercialization of this technology has been hindered by high recovery and purification costs. Vacuum infiltration-centrifugation (VI-C) is a technique to obtain extracellularly-targeted products from the apoplast wash fluid (AWF). Because of its selective recovery of secreted proteins without homogen...

For many real-world markets (such as media, telecommunications, high tech markets, commercial aircrafts, etc.), incurring endogenous sunk costs (in the form of quality enhancing expenditures), in the presence of R&D spillovers, is an essential feature of competition. We study the interaction between these sunk costs and R&D spillovers relying on the Sutton’s concept of endogenous sunk costs and...

This study presents a methodology for quantifying the tradeoffs between sampling costs and local concentration estimation errors in an existing groundwater monitoring network. The method utilizes historical data at a single snapshot in time to identify potential spatial redundancies within a monitoring network. Spatially redundant points are defined to be monitoring locations that do not apprec...

The current crisis in the global economy and the stiff competition has led many firms to recognize the importance of managing their logistic network for organizational effectiveness, improved customer value, better utilization of resources, and increased profitability. The logistics business in Spain continues rising mainly by the new electronics market. In 2008 the turnover of logistics activi...