The backfilling of lime soil in ultra-deep and ultra-narrow foundation trenches is a difficult construction link, ordinary-cemented has drawbacks, including poor strength, impermeability, frost resistance. To solve these problems, fly ash (FA)–water glass (WG)-composite-cemented developed based on background project. three-factor orthogonal tests are conducted the unconfined compressive strengt...

in order to investigate the soil magnetic susceptibility and its relationship with the concentration of selected heavy metals and soil properties, a total of 158 composite surface soil samples (0-5 cm) were taken from an area of about 700 km2. locations of the sampling sites were determined using a gps and their land uses were recorded. the in situ magnetic susceptibility for the topsoil sample...

soil salinity is one of the main environmental problems affecting extensive area in the world. there are some problems with traditional data collection methods for soil studies. using the new methods and techniques such as remote sensing could overcome most of these problems. however using these data in areas with uncommon usages needed some researches to find the best calibration between the d...

The soil exchange complex consists of colloidal materials on which ion exchange phenomena occur allowing it to attract, retain, and exchange elements that have opposite electric charges. Since their mineral constituents (clay) and organic components (humus) are mainly of a negative nature retained or exchanged ion are predominantly cations. Historically, failing to monitor parameters like the e...

Agro-ecological zoning for the entire state of Punjab was carried out using modern tools such as remote sensing and geographical information system. The main input parameters based on which zoning was done were annual average temperature, length of growing period (LGP), biomass and soil texture. Initially, spatial database for temperature, LGP, biomass and soil texture were generated in GIS dom...

The within-site variability of soil characteristics on sites with different soil types remains poorly quantified, although this information is crucial for the success of research on soil properties, and especially for monitoring soil properties over time. We used coefficients of variation and multilevel variance component models to examine the within-site variation of soil (0–30 cm) mineral nut...