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تعداد نتایج: 360248  

پایان نامه :دانشگاه تربیت معلم - سبزوار - دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی 1390

this study investigated the effects of planning on second-language written production with regard to task type. the participants were 75 iranian learners of english as a foreign language attending a private foreign language institution. they were asked to complete two different types of writing tasks (expository writing task and argumentative writing task) in different planned conditions (indiv...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تبریز 1389

: یک شبکه تهیه و توزیع کالا از چند شرکت و موسسه تجاری تشکیل شده است. اگر تعیین سیاست های تجاری این شرکت ها فقط بر اساس معیارهای اختصاصی آن شرکت باشد و هر شرکت بدون توجه به سیاست های تجاری سایر شرکت ها عمل کند این امر منجر به کاهش سودآوری و بازده کل شبکه تهیه و توزیع خواهد شد. هدف این پروژه این است که با استفاده از روشهای هوشمند تصمیم گیری در نظریه بازی ها بازده کل شبه را بهینه کند برای این منظو...

Journal: :Discrete Mathematics 2007
Josep Díaz Maria J. Serna Dimitrios M. Thilikos

We consider a bounded version of the restrictive and the restrictive list H-coloring problem in which the number of pre-images of certain vertices of H is taken as parameter. We consider the decision and the counting versions, as well as, further variations of those problems. We provide complexity results identifying the cases when the problems are NP-complete or #P-complete or polynomial time ...

Journal: :Theor. Comput. Sci. 2013
Michel Habib Juraj Stacho

A phylogeny is a tree capturing evolution and ancestral relationships of a set of taxa (e.g., species). Reconstructing phylogenies from molecular data plays an important role in many areas of contemporary biological research. A phylogeny is perfect if (in rough terms) it correctly captures all input data. Determining if a perfect phylogeny exists was shown to be intractable in 1992 by Mike Stee...

2007
Nadia CREIGNOU

We prove that the counting problems #1-in-3Sat, #Not-All-Equal 3Sat and #3-Colorability, whose decision counterparts have been the most frequently used in proving NP-hardness of new decision problems, are #P-complete. On one hand, the explicit #P-completeness proof of #1-in-3Sat could be useful to prove complexity results within uniication theory. On the other hand, the fact that #3-Colorabilit...

Journal: :Combinatorica 1995
Charles J. Colbourn J. Scott Provan Dirk L. Vertigan

The complexity of computing the Tutte polynomial T(~/c,x,y) is determined for transversal matroid ,4s and algebraic numbers x and y. It is shown that for fixed x and y the problem of computing T(~,x,y) for JA a transversal matroid is ~pP-complete unless the numbers x and y satisfy (x 1)(y 1) = 1, in which case it is polynomial-time computable. In particular, the problem of counting bases in a t...

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