mumps is an acute contagious viral disease that usually manifests as inflam¬mation of the parotid glands. the disease may be associated with symptoms such as parotitis, orchitis and meningoencephalitis. 85% of cases occur in children under 15 years of age. the disease is rare below two years but increases with age, reaching a maximum at 5 to 9 years. some studies in iran showed that the highest...

To determine whether complement is activated in uveitis we have measured plasma levels of C3d, a sensitive indicator of complement activation. Increased levels of C3d were found in 11 of 15 patients with idiopathic uveitis, 13 of whom had circulating immune complexes containing complement components. Since during complement activation potent mediators of inflammation are generated, it is sugges...

The serum complement system is composed of at least eight or nine interacting proteins (1, 2). The complete system is required for the reactions of immune cytolysis, immune hemolysis, bacteriolysis, and the lysis of certain tumor cells (1, 3-7). There are other complement dependent systems that do not require all nine components. The reactions of immune adherence and erythrophagocytosis require...

The complement system may be activated by at least two different pathways: the clinical pathway involving C1, C4 and C2 and the alternative pathway involving properdin, C3, factor B and factor D. The classical pathway can be activated by antigen antibody complexes, while the alternative pathway can be activated by other substances such as natural polysaccharides. Both pathways lead to an activ...

A part of the immune system that improves (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microorganisms and injured cells from an organism, attacks the pathogen's cell membrane, and encourages inflammation called complement system. It is main part of immune system. Over thirty proteins and protein pieces compose the complement system, including cell membrane receptors, an...