Since the basic probability of an interval-valued belief structure (IBS) is assigned as interval number, its combination becomes difficult. Especially, when dealing with highly conflicting IBSs, most existing methods may cause counter-intuitive results, which can bring extra heavy computational burden due to nonlinear optimization model, and lose good property associativity commutativity in Dem...

We propose an alternative axiomatic description for non-commutative field theories (NCFT) based on some ideas by Soloviev to nonlocal quantum fields. The local commutativity axiom is replaced by the weaker condition that the fields commute at sufficiently large spatial separations, called asymptotic commutativity, formulated in terms of the theory of analytic functionals. The question of a poss...

It is known that the solution to a Cauchy problem of linear differential equations: x′(t) = A(t)x(t), with x(t0) = x0, can be presented by the matrix exponential as exp( ∫ t t0 A(s) ds)x0, if the commutativity condition for the coefficient matrix A(t) holds: [ ∫ t t0 A(s) ds, A(t) ] = 0. A natural question is whether this is true without the commutativity condition. To give a definite answer to...

Identified are a number of conditions on square patterns that are closely related to allowing commutativity with the full pattern. Implications and examples that show non-implications are given, along with a graph that summarizes the provided information. A complete description of commutativity with the full pattern is given in both the irreducible case and the reducible case in which there are...

While the dominant approach to persistent storage in practice is to use a relational DBMS, there are some specialist applications that rely on object stores. The performance of these applications depends heavily on the efficiency of the object store’s concurrency control mechanism. Today’s predominant concurrency control mechanism is strict two-phase object locking. In the 80s, an interesting a...