Vertical deformation of extensional provinces varies significantly and in seemingly contradictory ways. Sparse but robust geodetic, seismic, and geologic observations in the Basin and Range province of the western United States indicate that immediately after an earthquake, vertical change primarily occurs as subsidence of the normal fault hanging wall. A few decades later, a ±100 km wide zone ...

S U M M A R Y Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps in southern Africa are obtained at periods from 6 to 40 s using seismic ambient noise tomography applied to data from the Southern Africa Seismic Experiment (SASE) deployed between 1997 and 1999. These phase velocity maps are combined with those from 45 to 143 s period which were determined previously using a two-planewave method by Li & Burke. In...

The resonant excitation of neutron star (NS) modes by tides is investigated as a source of short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) precursors. We find that the driving of a crust-core interface mode can lead to shattering of the NS crust, liberating ∼10{46}-10{47}  erg of energy seconds before the merger of a NS-NS or NS-black-hole binary. Such properties are consistent with Swift/BAT detections of SGRB p...

Calculations of the effects of band structure on the neutron superfluid density in the crust of neutron stars made under the assumption that the effects of pairing are small [N. Chamel, Phys. Rev. C 85, 035801 (2012)PRVCAN0556-2813] lead to moments of inertia of superfluid neutrons so small that the crust alone is insufficient to account for the magnitude of neutron star glitches. Inspired by e...

Material accreting on a neutron star can undergo rapid proton capture nucleosynthesis to produce a variety of nuclei up to mass numbers around 100. This complex rp ash then undergoes electron capture as it is buried to higher densities. We perform molecular dynamics simulations to determine how this material freezes to form new neutron star crust. In addition, from our simulations we calculate ...

We study the effect of the magnetic field geometry on the oscillation spectra of strongly magnetized stars. We construct a configuration of magnetic field where a toroidal component is added to the standard poloidal one. We consider a star with a type I superconductor core so that both components of the magnetic field are expelled from the core and confined in the crust. Our results show that t...

The exposure of 1300 meters of upper oceanic crust at the Blanc0 Fracture Zone allows near-bottom gravity measurements to determine the in situ density of the seafloor as a function of depth. Gravity measurements along the north wall of the Blanc0 Depression indicate an outcrop density of 2530 * Kg/m3 for the upper 800 meters of crust and a calculated porosity of 23%. The lower 500 meters of cr...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Lithium isotopes A-type granite Mafic enclave Continental crust Lithium concentrations and isotopic compositions of 39 A-type granites and mafic enclaves from 11 plutons in Northeast China and the North China craton are used to constrain their genesis and to characterize further the average composition of the continental crust. Lithium concentrations (2.8 to 80 p...

Mineral physics observations suggest that distinct density and rheological differences exist between the crustal component of oceanic lithosphere and the underlying mantle. We have conducted numerical experiments to investigate the influence of both density and viscosity on the effectiveness of recycling of oceanic crust into the lower mantle. Confirming previous results, the density inversion ...

Phenomena such as pulsar frequency glitches are believed to be explicable in terms of a differentially rotating current of “free” superfluid neutrons at densities above the “drip” threshold in the (ionic) solid crust of a neutron star. In the preceding article of this series a microscopic quantum mechanical analysis was used to predict that the relative motion of the neutron current will be cha...