the efficiency of oxidation processes, enzymatic treatment, and combined enzymatic/chemical sequences on color remediation of cmp pulp mill effluent was investigated. two kinds of fungal enzymes; laccase (ec: 1.10.3.2) from terametes versicolor and versatile peroxidase (ec: 1.11.1.7) from bjerkandera adusta were chosen and applied. also, the effect of external mediator on the enzyme based degra...

We believe that our perception of an object reveals its true nature. However, the image is the result of particular lighting conditions, and the physiology of the eye. In this paper we investigate how to characterize an object independent of its environment. Such that two independent measurements yield the same answer, independent of the lighting and the camera. At the most basic level this pro...

One of the methods for creating white light with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is mixing radiations from several different colored LEDs. Mixed-color LEDs are expected to have greater luminous efficacy because they do not undergo downconversion losses like phosphor-converted white LEDs. However, in reality mixed-color LED systems require extra optical elements to reduce spatial color variation an...

Humans use color to judge the ‘value’ or quality of a product, often comparing and choosing a product based on expectations and past experiences. Choices made based on visual evaluation, which requires no physical contact, pose very little risk; therefore, when a product does not meet ‘color expectations’, it is an easy decision deem a product ‘unacceptable’. Color is produced when energy in th...