A seemingly simple question, how does warm inflation exit gracefully?, has a more complex answer than in cold paradigm. It been highlighted here that whether exits gracefully depends on three independent choices: The form of the potential, choice model (i.e., its dissipative coefficient) and regime, weak or strong dissipation, characterizing dynamics. Generic conditions slow-roll parameters sev...

Rapid developments in the organic LED technology on flexible foils promise to deliver thin, lightweight and power-efficient light sources for intelligent lighting applications. Laser patterning of OLEDs on glass for display applications has been widely reported. However, fewer reports discuss patterning of OLEDs on flexible substrates, which presents a novel optical engineering challenge. Our a...

The Dye-sensitized nanocrystaline TiO2 solar cell (nc-DSC) developed by Grätzel [1] has the potential to reach low costs in future outdoor power applications. In addition, due to its expected ease of production and possibilities to adjust its appearance, the potential for application is very broad. When plastic foil is used as a substrate for the nc-DSC the production and application possibilit...

background: topical anesthesia has been widely advocated as an important component of atraumatic administration of intraoral local anesthesia. the aim of this study was to use direct observation of children’s behavioral pain reactions during local anesthetic injection using cotton-roll vibration method compared with routine topical anesthesia. materials and methods: forty-eight children partici...

Roll bonding (RB) describes solid-state manufacturing processes where cold or hot rolling of plates sheet metal is carried out for joining similar and dissimilar materials through the principle severe plastic deformation. This review covers mechanics RB processes, identifies key process parameters, provides a detailed discussion on their scientific and/or engineering aspects, which influence mi...

A cold roll-bonding (CRB) process is applied to study the effects of stacking number on microstructure and mechanical properties roll-bonded age-treated Al sheets. Commercial AA1050 AA6061 sheets with a thickness 2 mm were stacked alternately each other two four layers, by multi-pass rolling. The then subjected natural aging (T4) artificial (T6) treatments. as showed typical deformation structu...