Contingency tests of neutrality are performed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) DNA sequences from hominoid primates, including humans. An intra-/interspecific haplotype tree is estimated, including a statistical assessment of ambiguities in tree topology and branch lengths. Four functional mutational categories are considered: silent and replacement substitutions in the transmem...

Taking into account the difficulties of taxonomic identification of larval anisakid nematodes based on morphological characters, genetic analyses were performed, together with those usually applied, in order to identify anisakid larvae found in the flounder Paralichthys isosceles from the littoral of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The analysis of 1,820 larvae revealed a new species, simil...

The genetic profile of Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated in parasite populations isolated from Beagle dogs experimentally infected with Be-78 and Y strains that present distinct biological and genetic characteristics. Molecular characterization of the isolates obtained 30days and 2years after infection was carried out. For typing MLEE, sequence polymorphisms of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidas...

In Sudan human leishmaniasis occurs in different clinical forms, that is, visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (ML), and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). Clinical samples from 69 Sudanese patients with different clinical manifestations were subjected to a PCR targeting the cytochrome oxidase II (COII) gene for Leishmania species identification. Mixed infections were suspected...

Molecular cages with arylboronate ester caps at the vertices are described. The were obtained by metal-templated polycondensation reactions of a tris(2-formylpyridine oxime) ligand arylboronic acids. Suited templates triflate or triflimide salts ZnII, FeII, CoII, MnII. In products, metal ions coordinated internally to pyridyl and oximato N atoms adjacent boronate ester, resulting in an improved...

The first instance of an acidic aqueous biphasic system (AcABS) based on tributyltetradecyl phosphonium chloride ([P44414 ][Cl]) and an acid is here reported. This AcABS exhibits pronounced thermomorphic behavior and is shown to be applicable to the extraction of metal ions from concentrated acidic solutions. Metal ions such as cobalt(II), iron(III), platinum(IV) and nickel(II) are found to par...

A new oxy(ether)tris(amine) macrocycle, MC has been synthesized for CuII complex formation within the cavity of the macrocyclic wheel in endotopic fashion. This complex is further reacted with the bidentate chelating ligands, 1,10-phenanthroline (L1), 2,2′-bipyridyl (L2), 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl (L3) and 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl (L4) to achieve the pseudorotaxanes PRT1–PRT4, respective...