A three-dimensional model of the hydro-elastic waves in the mammalian cochlea is presented along with numerical simulations. The cochlear fluid is treated as linear, incompressible, and inviscid. The cochlear partition is treated as a massless thin plate loaded by the fluid. This model is then reformulated by analytically removing the fluid variable with the use of a Dirichlet-to-Neumann operat...

The prevalence of hearing loss after damage to the mammalian cochlea has been thought to be due to a lack of spontaneous regeneration of hair cells, the primary receptor cells for sound. Here, we show that supporting cells, which surround hair cells in the normal cochlear epithelium, differentiate into new hair cells in the neonatal mouse following ototoxic damage. Using lineage tracing, we sho...

Effects of C-phycocyanin (C-PC), the active component of Spirulina platensis water extract on the expressions of N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) genes in the cochlea and inferior colliculus (IC) of mice were evaluated after tinnitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of salicylate. ...

Deafness is one of the most common types of congenital impairments, and at least half of the cases are caused by hereditary mutations. Mutations of the gene KIAA1199 are associated with progressive hearing loss. Its expression is abundant in human cochlea, but interestingly the spatial expression patterns are different between mouse and rat cochleae; the pattern in humans has not been fully inv...

The mammalian cochlea is exquisitely designed to decompose complex sounds into their component frequencies, accounting in part for the superb auditory discrimination displayed by many species. To perform this task, numerous mechanical and electrical specializations are graded along the length of the cochlea that create a tonotopic map in which sounds of different frequencies produce maximal res...

Cochlear implantation offers the potential to restore sensitive hearing in patients with severe to profound deafness. However, surgical placement of the electrode array within the cochlea can produce trauma to sensorineural components, particularly if the initial turn of the cochlea is not successfully navigated as the array is advanced. In this work, we present a robot-mounted common-path swep...

Hearing loss is a common age-associated affliction that can result from the loss of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea. Although hair cells and SGNs are typically lost in the same cochlea, recent analysis suggests that they can occur independently, via unique mechanisms. Research has identified both environmental and genetic factors that contribute to degeneration of c...

Absfracf-An engineered system that hears, such as a speech recognizer, can be designed by modeling the cochlea, or inner ear, and higher levels of the auditory nervous system. To he useful in such a system, a model of the cochlea should incorporate a variety of known effects, such as an asymmetric low-passibandpass response at each output channel, a short ringing time, and active adaptation to ...

Background: Myosin 7a is an actin-binding motor protein involved in the formation of hair-cell stereocilia both cochlea and vestibular system. Mutations myosin are linked to congenital hearing loss present 50% Type-1 Usher syndrome patients who suffer from progressive system dysfunction. Methods: often used visualise sensory hair cells due it...

Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are a class of acoustic signals that are generated in the cochlea and transmitted backward to the ear canal through the middle ear. This is attributed to the active nonlinear mechanism in the cochlea [Kemp 1978]. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are a special type of OAEs generated in response to two pure tone acoustic stimuli with sound pressure le...