The rise in housing costs in California has far exceeded the national inflation rate. During the past three years, housing prices in five coastal counties increased by more than 60 percent. For the highest quintile of cities, prices increased by an average of more than 30 percent per year. Evidently California housing markets differ qualitatively from those in the rest of the country. One strik...

Smart cities represent a rich dynamic environment where multiple wireless mobile devices interconnect to each other to communicate and share their data. The growing demand and the diverse traffic patterns of these smart devices place an increasing strain on the wireless networks. Routing data among wireless routers becomes a challenging issue as traditional routing algorithms, which are based o...

Green Infrastructure (GI) has gained attention as a strategy for minimizing flood damage and enhancing ecological services in developed developing areas. Previous studies have investigated the positive effects of GI, focusing primarily on how amount GI impacts mitigation, but not its shape, connectivity, or quantity. Further, these been mostly based single time period longitudinal. This paper e...

Extreme weather, sea-level rise and degraded coastal ecosystems are placing people and property at greater risk of damage from coastal hazards1–5. The likelihood and magnitude of losses may be reduced by intact reefs and coastal vegetation1, especially when those habitats fringe vulnerable communities and infrastructure. Using five sea-level-rise scenarios, we calculate a hazard index for every...

among various types of cities, mining cities have special features including a high concentration of industrial activities associated with the exploration, extraction, refining, processing and export of groundwater resources, the risk of reduction and termination of non-renewable resources, high degree of environmental pollution, high production of domestic and industrial waste and social issue...

One of the fundamental notions of realization of sustainable city within the framework of the theory of sustainable development is what affects the urban green spaces as well as the influence they may have. As the upshot of years’ worth of experiences in the ideology of Iranian urban design, Iranian garden is of magnificently high position which possesses the potentials to act as the green spac...