Hypernatremia is a common emergency room presentation and carries high mortality. We describe a case of a 56-year-old male patient with who presents with refusal to drink water for several weeks leading to the admission. He was diagnosed with psychogenic adipsia and was treated successfully with fluids, mirtazapine and clonazepam.

The substrate depletion method is a popular approach used for the measurement of in vitro intrinsic clearance (CL(int)). However, the incubation conditions used in these studies can vary, the consequences of which have not been systematically explored. Initial substrate depletion incubations using rat microsomes and hepatocytes were performed for eight benzodiazepines: alprazolam, clobazam, clo...

Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (R.B.D.) is a relatively new diagnosis, first described in the mid-1980s.' These case reports describe two psychiatric outpatients who presented with typical features of the disorder and who had an effective response to treatment with clonazepam. In one instance the patient had undergone several medical evaluations, including a sleep EEG, but without ...

In this study, an analytical methodology was developed for the determination of psycho-active drugs in the treated effluent of the University Hospital at the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS - Brazil. Samples were collected from point A (Emergency) and point B (General effluent). The adopted methodology included a pre-concentration procedure involving the use of solid phase extraction and ...

Increase in extracellular Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]o) reduces Ca2+ accumulation during reoxygenation of hypoxic cardiomyocytes and exerts protective effects. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effect of increased [Mg(2+)](o) on Ca2+ influx and efflux, free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and Mg2+ concentrations ([Mg2+]i), Ca2+ accumulation in the presence of inhibitors of mitochond...

Vigabatrin is a novel antiepileptic drug, which increases GABA levels by irreversible inhibition of GABA-aminotransferase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vigabatrin on the anticonvulsant activity of valproate, ethosuximide and clonazepam against pentetrazole-induced seizures in mice. In addition, the effects of antiepileptic drugs alone or in combination with vigabatrin we...