The world’s cities are growing in size and number. At the same time, global climate change rises average temperatures as well increase weather extreme events. Sao Paulo, 5th urbanized region world, has currently more than 21 million inhabitants recent studies alert for increased frequency of climate/weather events city. In this context, work presents an interdisciplinary research experience, ba...

ISSN 2277-5056 | © 2012 Bonfring Abstract--The major cities of India are going through huge metamorphosis under the impact of globalization, population increment, housing demand and tremendous financial investment in building industry. Rapid development of high-rise and four-five storied residential buildings are observed at every possible part of the city. In designing the city so, residentia...

In exploring the evolution of Iranian architecture from prototypes to the present day, Qajar architecture is an important part of Iranian architecture history. The importance of this era's architecture is because large changes in conceptual and physical context occurred slowly in Iranian architecture during this time. These changes, especially from the Nasserian period (the second Qajar era), h...

The current climate regime, which focuses on reducing (net) emissions, can be improved in two ways. First, by breaking up the problem, and addressing each part separately, but treating all parts as a system of agreements, new possibilities emerge for enforcement. Second, by incorporating adaptation, “geoengineering,” and the risks associated with mitigation options (such as long term storage of...

Due to climate change, together with the need reduce ecological footprint and future resource shortages, a climate-resilient resource-conserving architecture must be reinforced. Dealing issue of resources not only affects materialisation building, but also handling on building site. The interactions between environment (sun, wind, precipitation), buildings, sealing, plants people form complex s...

the critique of architecture has always followed architects and those involved in this field and is in fact quite indispensable from it. therefore before going around asking why it is so, it seems appropriate to ask ourselves the how. conceding to the fact that the ultimate goal in the critique of architecture is to discover a specific style with which to think about architecture, the main ques...

green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human health and the environment. the “green” architect or designer attempts to safeguard air, water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials and construction practices. so, green architecture is building and structure design philosophy that aims at minimal use of non-renewable and/or...

The goal of the Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements is to help identify key design elements of a scientifically sound, economically rational, and politically pragmatic post-2012 international policy architecture for global climate change. It draws upon leading thinkers from academia, private industry, government, and non-governmental organizations from around the world to constr...