Usable life of cleaning solutions in a model heat processing unit was studied by evaluation of the nature and quantity of residue remaining on the surface of the equipment after cleaning. Lipoidal residue was recovered from equipment surfaces by ether rinsing. A surface displacement technique was used to quantify the lipoidal material, which was characterized by gas-liquid chromatographic analy...

An X-ray fluorescence method for measuring the quantity of test matter removed from carpet by vacuuming and wet extraction in typical carpet cleaning processes is described. In this cleaning effectiveness analytical method, five different test compounds were incorporated into an artificial soil, which was then applied to a test carpet. X-ray fluorescence was used to quantify these elements afte...

Flash memory has many attractive features, such as nonvolatility, light weight, and low power consumption. These features show promise for using flash memory as storage in consumer electronics, embedded systems, and mobile computers. However, flash memory has specific hardware characteristics that impose challenges on the design of storage systems. It cannot be overwritten unless erased in adva...

Recent experimental results have reported the observation of beam self-cleaning or, more generally, nonlinear reshaping in active multimode fibers. In this work, we present a numerical analysis these processes by considering ideal case diode-pumped signal amplifier made graded-index fiber with uniform Yb doping. Simulations confirm that cleaning may take place even amplifying fibers, absence po...

The association between moral purity and physical cleanliness has been widely discussed recently. Studies found that moral threat initiates the need of physical cleanliness, but actual physical cleaning and priming of cleaning have inconsistent effects on subsequent attitudes and behaviors. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the underlying neural mechan...

Improving operational performance and reducing fuel consumption is increasingly important for shipping companies. Ship degrades over time due to hull propeller fouling; therefore assessing when fouling effects are significant enough warrant cleaning critical. Advancements in onboard data logging systems, combined with machine learning techniques, unlock the potential predict accurately determin...

Inside air ventilation ducts of the confined space such as subway stations become contaminated by various contaminants and particular matters after long time operation. The accumulated various pollutants at inner duct surface easily transport and cause secondary air contamination and injure subway passengers’ respiratory system and health. In fact, only periodic duct cleaning works can improve ...

Particulate surface contamination is one of the major causes of low yields in the semiconductor and other affected industries. The theory of low frequency (ultrasonic) and high frequency (megasonic) cleaning will be presented. Ultrasonic cleaning (less than 100 kHz) is relevant to cleaning of optics and precision parts. Megasonic cleaning (0.8 to 1.2 MHz) is used in semiconductor manufacturing....

Improving cleaning and disinfection performance must be taken into account for prevention and control of infection. Health care settings are engaged in a battle against healthcare associated infection (HAIs). The importance of infection prevention and control is increasing due to rapidly developing strains of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) that can result in serious illness and even dea...

The authors have been involved in numerous street cleaning research projects for over 30 years. This paper will give us a unique opportunity to highlight the historical use of street cleaning as a method for reducing stormwater pollutants, and will examine newly emerging street cleaning technologies. There have been many misconceptions concerning this potential stormwater management control. Th...