nomad’s livelihood is based on continuous migration between summer and winter pastures to obtain forage for their animals and access to contented weather. this living way has long history in iran which formed in accord with climate. in recent century, modernization has been caused many changes in traditional living way of nomads. therefore, nomads have no more their role and function as in th...

In this paper cores and stable sets for games with fuzzy coalitions are introduced and their relations studied. For convex fuzzy games it turns out that all cores coincide and that the core is the unique stable set. Also relations between cores and stable sets for fuzzy clan games are discussed. MSC: 90D12; 03E72

People with a transtibial amputation using passive-elastic prostheses exhibit reduced prosthetic ankle power and push-off work compared to non-amputees and compensate by increasing their affected leg (AL) hip joint work and unaffected leg (UL) ankle, knee, and hip joint and leg work during level-ground walking. Use of a powered ankle–foot prosthesis normalizes step-to-step transition work durin...

METHODS. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to identify molecular components of CLANs and quantitate CLAN formation in HTM cells plated on coverslips coated with various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (fibronectin, types I and IV collagen, and vitronectin), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, or activating antibodies against 1, 3, or 2 1 integrins. These integrin antibodies were ...

Developed anthropometric measurement systems for the foot are static. However, important changes occur in the 3D shape of the foot during walking. This study deals with computer vision techniques to obtain the 3D foot shape at different step moments during the gait cycle. The foot shape evolution is estimated by comparing the 3D reconstruction of the foot surface at different gait steps. This m...

The genomic organizations and functions of many miRNA genes have been described in recent years, but the origin and evolution of miRNAs in the exons of protein-coding genes are not well understood. The overlap of miR-650 genes with the protein-coding region of immunoglobulin lambda variable (IGVL) region genes has given a unique opportunity to witness a birth of miRNA gene. Both sequence compar...

B cells are subjected to selection at multiple checkpoints during their development. The selection of Ab H chains is difficult to study because of the large diversity of the CDR3. To study the selection of individual Ab H chain V region genes (V(H)), we performed CDR3 spectratyping of ∼ 75-300 rearrangements per individual V(H) in C57BL6/J mice. We measured the fraction of rearrangements that w...

PURPOSE Dexamethasone (DEX) regulates aqueous humor outflow by inducing a reorganization of the cytoskeleton to form cross-linked actin networks (CLANs) in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) has been demonstrated to have an important role in this process, but the upstream components leading to its activation remain elusive. The purpose of the study is to demons...

In the multilevel societies of hamadryas baboons, adult males can be attached to single one-male units (OMUs) or to clans containing several such OMUs. This paper examines the effect of male number and rivalry between males within a clan on their ability to compete for access to a clumped food resource. The data come from a study of a multilevel colony of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hama...