In this paper we will provide a modal-to-modal translational embedding of E into K, simplifying a similar result which is obtainable using a novel translation due to S.K. Thomason.

We study two notions of definability for classes of relational structures based on modal extensions of Łukasiewicz finitely-valued logics. The main results of the paper are the equivalent of the Goldblatt Thomason theorem for these notions of definability.

The goal of this note is to prove what is now known as the Jouanolou-Thomason homotopy lemma or simply “Jouanolou’s trick.” Our main reason for discussing this here is that i) most statements (that I have seen) assume unncessary quasi-projectivity hypotheses, and ii) most applications of the result that I know (e.g., in homotopy K-theory) appeal to the result as merely a “black box,” while the ...

Guatemala's 36-year civil war officially ended in December 1996 after some 200,000 deaths and one million refugees. Despite the ceasefire, Guatemala continues to be a violent country with one of the highest homicide rates in the world. We investigated potential associations between violence, mental health, and substance abuse in post-conflict Guatemala using a community-based survey of 86 respo...

This paper explores the relationship between violence and displacement during civil war focusing on two different forms of population movements (i.e. incoming and outgoing), and two different forms of violence (i.e. direct and indirect). The paper explores the relationship between displacement and violence at the local level in the context of a civil war fought conventionally using a novel data...

The purpose of this essay is twofold. First is to analyze the role of insurgent groups in the anti-Kabila civil war in the Congo within the statist approach, which endows the state with considerable autonomy in defining the nature of states’ preferences and developing solutions to them. The essay also contends that the statist approach is not sufficient, however. Once enmeshed in a stalemated w...

Vocal actors within policy and practice contend that environmental variability and shocks, such as drought and prolonged heat waves, drive civil wars in Africa. Recently, a widely publicized scientific article appears to substantiate this claim. This paper investigates the empirical foundation for the claimed relationship in detail. Using a host of different model specifications and alternative...