The present study explored the rhetorical representation of authorial identity signaled by interactive/interactional metadiscourse strategies and integral/non-integral citation patterns in international and Iranian local research article discussion sections. The study also explored variation in metadiscourse and citation resources across three subdisciplines of Language Testing, English Languag...

The importance of correct citation for the development and deepening scholarly knowledge is evident. At same time, considering in assessing quality level a particular paper or journal can be treated differently due to practices, thus requiring systematic analysis, tracking their development. purpose this article present architecture landscape current state comment on steps avoid common pitfalls...

(Bordes 2003; Zilhão & d’Errico 1999; 2003; Conard & Bolus 2003), a wealth of ethnographic and historic examples of culture contact demonstrate cultural proc­ esses which undermine the current chronostratigraph­ ic arguments used to assess the Bow Wave Model. For instance, d’Errico and colleagues (1998, S11–12) argue that differences in the techniques of manufacturing bone tools and personal or...

Introduction: Citation is an essential prevalent feature of all academic writings in various fields of knowledge. It is employed by authors and researchers across disciplines for diverse reasons. This study was aimed at comparing types and functions of citations in medical research articles in discussion sections between Iranian medical faculty members and their native counterparts. Method: To...