The digestive system is a way for nutrients from the outside environment to get to various parts of the body. At its simplest, the digestive system is a tube running from the mouth to the anus. This tube is similar to an assembly line, or more properly, a disassembly line. Its chief goal is to break down huge macromolecules (proteins,* fats, and starches) that cannot be absorbed as they are int...

Introduction Although the circulatory system cannot properly be considered except as a whole, there is such an abundance of pathological conditions to which it is subject, in whole or in part, that limitations of space alone demand that it be divided into parts and that only a part be considered here. This paper will therefore be confined to the peripheral vascular system, which is arbitrarily ...

I P ONE studies curves which depict the relationship of cardiac output to mean right atria1 pressure (one of the forms of Starling’s curves), it is obvious that, within the normal range of function of the heart, cardiac output can change tremendously while the right atria1 pressure changes only slightly. This fact led to the early belief that it is not the function of the heart itself which con...

I P ONE studies curves which depict the relationship of cardiac output to mean right atria1 pressure (one of the forms of Starling’s curves), it is obvious that, within the normal range of function of the heart, cardiac output can change tremendously while the right atria1 pressure changes only slightly. This fact led to the early belief that it is not the function of the heart itself which con...

Background—Recently, the American Heart Association developed a set of 7 ideal health metrics that will be used to measure progress toward their 2020 goals for cardiovascular health. The objective of the present study was to examine how well these metrics predicted mortality from all causes and diseases of the circulatory system in a national sample of adults in the United States. Methods and R...

We collected think-aloud, pre-test, post-test, and motivation data from 43 undergraduates to examine the impact of conceptual scaffolds on the fluctuation of certain motivation constructs and use of self-regulatory processes during learning with hypermedia. Participants were randomly assigned to either the No Scaffolding (NS) or Conceptual Scaffolding (CS) condition. During the experimental ses...

Although increased mortality from diseases of the circulatory system has been observed in patients treated with radiotherapy, the effects of chronic low-dose radiation exposure are not clear. Among 90,284 US radiologic technologists who responded to a mailed questionnaire during 1983-1989, the authors evaluated mortality from circulatory system diseases through 1997 in relation to job history a...

> Abstract The circulatory system is one of the major organ systems in Malacostraca. As no consensus on malacostracan phylogeny exists it becomes necessary to evaluate different phylogenetic hypotheses for their impact on circulatory system evolution. Four prevailing hypotheses were therefore used to map different circulatory system characters. The comparison shows that the length of the heart,...

MCG, the Multifunction Cardiogram, is a revolutionary approach to diagnosing cardiac conditions. It goes beyond a traditional ECG by incorporating aspects of computational biology and systems theory to build a functional mathematical model of the cardiac system – the heart, blood and circulatory system – from which a more accurate diagnosis can be drawn. This white paper discusses the theoretic...