Computer-interpretable guidelines (CIGs) can deliver patient-specific decision support at the point of care. CIGs base their recommendations on eligibility and decision criteria that relate medical concepts to patient data. CIG models use expression languages for specifying these criteria, and define models for medical data to which the expressions can refer. In developing version 3 of the Guid...

A frequency domain tomographic inversion was developed to estimate frequency dependent energy attenuation by using prestack depth migration common image gathers (CIGs). The frequency dependent attenuation is estimated from the centroid frequency difference for reflections in CIGs. Migration stretch and ghost effects are taken into account to get correct measurements of frequency. This method ma...

We have successfully demonstrated a great advantage of plasmonic Au nanoparticles for efficient enhancement of Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) flexible photovoltaic devices. The incorporation of Au NPs can eliminate obstacles in the way of developing ink-printing CIGS flexible thin film photovoltaics (TFPV), such as poor absorption at wavelengths in the high intensity region of solar spectrum, and that occu...

UNLABELLED A highly stable monolithic tandem solar cell was developed by combining the heterogeneous photovoltaic technologies of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and solution-processed CuInxGa1-xSeyS1-y (CIGS) thin film solar cells. The durability of the tandem cell was dramatically enhanced by replacing the redox couple from to [Co(bpy)3](2+) /[Co(bpy)3](3+)), accompanied by a well-matched co...

The emergence of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has given cannabis smokers a new method of inhaling cannabinoids. E-cigs differ from traditional marijuana cigarettes in several respects. First, it is assumed that vaporizing cannabinoids at lower temperatures is safer because it produces smaller amounts of toxic substances than the hot combustion of a marijuana cigarette. Recreational cannabis u...

Thin film semiconductors grown using chemical bath methods produce large amounts of waste solvent and chemicals that then require costly processing. We replace the toxic deposited CdS buffer layer from our Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS)-based solar cells with a benign inkjet-printed annealed Zn(O,S) 230 000 times less 64 chemicals. The wetting final thickness on CIGS is controlled by UV ozone treatmen...

We investigated THz emission from Ar-ion-implanted Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) films. radiation the CIGS films increases as density of implanted Ar ions increases. This is because contribute to an increase in surface surge current density. The effect Ar-ion implantation on carrier dynamics was also using optical pump probe spectroscopy. fitted results imply that charge transition intra-and carrier–carr...

CIGS solar cells in many cases show a failure of light/dark superposition of their currentvoltage (J-V) curves. Such failure generally becomes more pronounced at lower temperatures. J-V measurements under red light may also show an additional distortion, known historically as the “red kink”. The proposed explanation is that a secondary barrier results from the conduction band offset between CIG...

Solar cells are made from semiconductors, which inevitably include defects. The defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se${}_{2}$ (CIGS) known to be metastable: With excitation they change character, can have a profound impact on device function. authors show that these metastable reduce the efficiency of solar cell due an increased diode factor. It is possible measure this quantity directly bare absorber (withou...

Passivation of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)/Mo back contact using AlO x is studied to reduce recombination at this interface. Herein, RbF postdeposition treatment (RbF-PDT), a well-established method improve absorber and front interface properties used on back-passivated solar cells. It found that combination deteriorates performance due formation an injection barrier reduced acceptor concentration....