by the year 2020, the incidence of trauma has been predicted to rise worldwide and the death rate is expected to increase from 5.1 million to 8.4 million. the most important cause of death and severe morbidity up to the age of 45 years is traumatic brain injury, with or without polytrauma. since the early 1970s, traffic-related deaths in germany have dropped continuously—with the exception of t...

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of people requiring rehabilitation services. The genesis of rehabilitation services has been, in part, a response to the recognition that increasing the quality of life and independence of individuals following trauma, disease or enduring chronic pathology benefits society as a whole, as well as the individual. Human beings also have psyc...

trauma is a leading cause of death and disability around the world. injuries are responsible for about six million deaths annually, of which ninety percent occur in developing countries. in iran, injuries are the most common cause of death among age groups below fifty. trauma system development is a systematic and comprehensive approach to injury prevention and treatment whose effectiveness has...

Inflammation of central nervous system (CNS) is usually associated with trauma and infection. Neuroinflammation occurs in close relation to trauma, infection, and neurodegenerative diseases. Low-level neuroinflammation is considered to have beneficial effects whereas chronic neuroinflammation can be harmful. Innate immune system consisting of pattern-recognition receptors, macrophages, and comp...

Severe trauma to the head may result in vascular injuries. The clinical presentation may be varied and cause either acute or chronic symptoms. The acute traumatic bleeding from the ear resulting from perforating or blunting trauma to the basal skull has been reported only rarely [1-3]. We are reporting our experiences of intravascular therapeutic technique that we used in treating acute traumat...

In case of no head trauma history and intact immunity, adultonset recurrent bacterial meningitis is scarce. Parameningeal infection the crucial latent cause in adults. Nasal polyp can a variety nasal symptoms, depending on its location size. Chronic sinusitis with tends to have more severe symptoms than those without polyp. We report adult onset third associated inflammatory

Ataxia can be classified according to the onset into episodic, acute, intermittent and chronic ataxia. Acute ataxia in children is caused by CNS tumors, trauma, CNS infection, toxins, metabolic causes or stroke. Recurrent ataxia can be due to metabolic causes, seizures, basilar artery migraine or toxins. Chronic ataxia is usually the result of hereditary ataxia, CNS tumors, congenital anomalies...

Fistula in ano commonly develops as a chronic sequela to an asymptomatic or symptomatic abscess in an anal canal gland, i.e. cryptoglandular in origin [1]. It occurs in upto one third of patients who undergo drainage of an anorectal abscess [2]. Complex, recurring fistulas could develop secondary to trauma, infection, radiation or chronic granulomatous infections (tuberculosis, actinomycosis) [3].

Ataxia can be classified according to the onset into episodic, acute, intermittent and chronic ataxia. Acute ataxia in children is caused by CNS tumors, trauma, CNS infection, toxins, metabolic causes or stroke. Recurrent ataxia can be due to metabolic causes, seizures, basilar artery migraine or toxins. Chronic ataxia is usually the result of hereditary ataxia, CNS tumors, congenital anomalies...

Abstract Background Increasing numbers of older individuals are presenting to Irish emergency departments following trauma. Advances in the care chronic diseases have increased number people with active lifestyles, predisposing them injury. ‘Silver trauma’ has been a relatively neglected despite deficits traditional trauma for this vulnerable cohort. The Silver clinic was developed conjunction ...