The in vivo binding of chromium to whole chromatin, polynucleosomes, DNA, and cytoplasmic RNA-protein fraction from liver and kidney was examined after treatment of rats with sodium dichromate and chromium(III) chloride. Significant amounts of chromium were bound to DNA and the nonhistone proteins of chromatin and to cytoplasmic RNA-protein fraction. The binding of chromium to the nuclear and c...

Chromium is present in the environment in several different forms. The most common forms are chromium(0), chromium(III) (or trivalent chromium) and chromium(VI) (or hexavalent chromium). Chromium(III) occurs naturally in the environment and is an essential nutrient that helps the human body utilize sugar, protein and fat. Chromium(VI) and chromium(0) are generally produced by industrial process...

The effects of vitamin E and vitamin B2 on DNA damage and cellular reduction of chromium(VI) were investigated using Chinese hamster V-79 cells. Pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol succinate (vitamin E) resulted in a decrease of DNA single-strand breaks produced by Na2CrO4, while similar treatment with riboflavin (vitamin B2) enhanced levels of DNA breaks. In contrast, levels of DNA-protein cros...

Hexavalent chromium reduction by sulfide in the presence of goethite was studied through several batch experiments. Under our specific experimental conditions including 20 μM of hexavalent chromium, 560–1117 μM of sulfide and 10.61– 37.13 m2/L of goethite at pH of 8.45 controlled by 0.1 M borate buffer, the obtained hexavalent chromium disappearance rate was –d[Cr(VI)]/dt = k[surface area of go...

Adsorption on activated carbon is one of the most reliable and efficient technologies for the remediation of water polluted by heavy metals. In groundwater remediation, it actually found practical application in both pump-and-treat systems and permeable adsorbing barriers. One of the most significant limits to the practical adsorption of heavy metals in water streams is the absence of experimen...

It has been recognized that chromium is an essential trace element associated with carbohydrate metabolism, and chromium deficiency causes an impaired glucose tolerance. Recently, however, Vincent et al. have reported that chromium is not an essential trace element. In the present report, the author evaluated the nutritional essentiality of chromium by reviewing several previous reports. In alm...

This research involved the synthesizing of a reactive polymer, long alkyl quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP), and coating it on the surface of silica gel to produce a granular sorbent to remove Cr(VI) from water. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the kinetics, sorption isotherm, pH effects, and influence of other anions on the chromium adsorption onto the coated silica gel. The...