The Neanderthal patellar morphology differs from that of recent humans by being anteroposteriorly thicker and showing more symmetric articular facets higher angles. However, it is still unclear to what extent these differences affect knee kinesiology. By using micro-focus X-ray tomography, we qualitatively quantitatively characterized the inner conformation six adult patellae OIS 5e site Krapin...

Tracheal collapse, or tracheal chondromalacia, is a progressive, degenerative condition of the hyaline cartilage rings that support the tracheal lumen. Weakening of the trachealis muscle contributes to the loss of tracheal lumen during different phases of respiration. The resulting clinical syndrome typically manifests as a “goose honk” cough with varying degrees of dyspnea and is most commonly...

Medial patellar luxation is defined as medial displacement of the patella from the trochlear groove. In dogs, medial luxations account for 75% of all patellar luxation cases, and are frequently associated with patella alta. Common surgical treatments for medial luxation are trochleoplasty and lateral transposition of the crest to drive the patella into the correct anatomical alignment. Postoper...

Patella alta is common in cerebral palsy, especially in patients with crouch gait. Correction of patella alta has been advocated in the treatment of crouch, however the appropriate degree of correction and the implications for knee extensor function remain unclear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the impact of patellar position on quadriceps and patellar tendon forces during nor...

PURPOSE The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFLL)/lateral patellar retinaculum (LPR) ratio were assessed in knees as a means to detect patellar malalignment. We also aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the various types of trochlear dysplasia in patients with patellar malalignment. MATERIALS AND METHODS After approval of our institutional ethics committee, we conducted a retrospective study ...

Crouch gait deformity is common in children with cerebral palsy and often is associated with patella alta. Patellar tendon advancement typically is used to correct patella alta and restore normal knee mechanics. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanical strength of surgical constructs used for fixation during patellar advancement procedures. This study used a cadaveric model to ...