abstract a normal bowel pattern is thought to be a sign of good health. constipation is a symptom rather than a disease. the exact prevalence of the disorder is difficult to be estimated. the differential diagnosis of childhood constipation can be extensive. constipation is recognized and diagnosed by most practitioners based on the child's clinical presentation. herein, we present a usefu...

o besity is a worldwide epidemic with more than 1 billion overweight adults and at least 300 million obese patients [1]. According to recent statistics from the United States, 16.9% of children and adolescents aged 2–19 years were obese in 2009–2010 and 31.8% were either overweight or obese [2]. The rise in childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in pediatric liver diseases: 70%–8...

protein calorie malnutrition (pcm) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and occurs in 50%-90% of these patients. although the pathogenesis of pcm is multifactorial, alterations in protein metabolism play an important role. this article is based on a selective literature review of protein and sodium recommendations. daily protein and sodium r...

conclusions our results suggest that liver cirrhosis does not cause impaired thrombopoietin production even in the late stage of disease. thrombopoietin has no contribution for the occurrence of thrombocytopenia in cirrhosis; splenic sequestration seems to be the main factor. results platelet counts were lower in patients with cirrhosis (97000 ± 8000/mm3) than in healthy subjects (240000 ± 5100...

While the number of computers in the classroom continues to increase and tremendous support for technology integration exists in government, business, and academia, a major discrepancy exists between the level of technology use that is expected from the educators and the actual use and integration of technology in the classroom. However, effective technology integration in early childhood educa...

background liver cirrhosis is one of the major causes of hospitalization and mortality in children. a wide spectrum of disorders including developmental abnormali­ties, infections, metabolic and genetic disorders can lead to liver cirrhosis in pediatric patients. determination of its etiology is important for treatment mo­dality, prevention of progressive liver damage, family counseling and pri...

Background: Cirrhosis as the final stage of progressive fibrosis of liver can affect other organs such as lungs, kidneys and heart. "Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy" involves the electrophysiological abnormalities such as QT interval prolongation. We assessed correlation between corrected QT interval prolongation and severity of cirrhosis based on Child Classification in each ECG lead. ...

 Abstract Objective: To investigate the anesthesia-postoperative awakening time (AT) of hepatitis- related cirrhosis patients and their relations to grading scores, portal venous pressure (PVP), prealbumin (PA), and age, to predict postoperative AT and provide a basis for adjustment of anesthetic doses during operation. Methods: Atotal of 71 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and hypersplenism at ...

background chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection has a broad spectrum of manifestation, ranging from silent carrier state to advanced cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. the persistence of hbv dna in serum and hepatocytes of the cirrhotic patient could be detected by molecular techniques in spite of negative hbv serologic markers. conclusions the prevalence of obi was relatively high in...

conclusions patients with chronic hepatitis c and with a ciscun ≤ 1 had a very low rate of cirrhosis while those with a ciscun = 4 had a high risk of cirrhosis. patients with ciscun = 2 or 3 had an intermediate rate of cirrhosis, and therefore needed to perform a liver biopsy to receive a reliable diagnosis. results we enrolled 249 patients who had complete laboratoristic data, and sufficient l...