BACKGROUND Severe malnutrition is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children less than five years of age. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed two manuals for the in-patient treatment of severe malnutrition. However, these manuals are not widely distributed with the result that most health practitioners caring for severely malnourished children unknowingly use practic...

Pediatrics is a contextual specialty concerned about children, their families, and the communities in which they live. Historically, US pediatricians have demonstrated a deep appreciation of the relationship between community forces and child health outcomes. Abraham Jacobi, MD, and Job Lewis Smith, MD, the founders of American pediatrics, fought to ensure a clean water supply and decent housin...

Everyday thousands of children are presented to health care practitioners by concerned parents with the vast majority being simple self-limiting illness. However serious bacterial illness, chronic inflammatory conditions and mental health problems are repeatedly missed with significant morbidity, mortality, financial and social implications. A conceptual framework detailing the mechanism of eff...

The UNICEF in collaboration with the University of Karachi and Jaycees sponsored the project for the construction of soakpit latrines and the dissemination of basic health education materials for the improvement of sanitary conditions in slum areas of Karachi. Turk Colony in Baldia Town is one of the slum areas where the soakpit project has been established with the primary objective of improvi...

Correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed to: Richard Hamilton Emeritus Professor Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University 2300 Tupper Street Montreal, Quebec Canada H3H 1P3 Email: [email protected] In many industrialized countries, the health research effort has been greatly energized by the success of research institutes or centres of excellence. Unfortunatel...

India has made a significant progress in the reduction of annual under five child deaths in the last few years. However, the absolute number of annual child deaths still remains high and achieving Millennium Development Goal 4 for India may not be possible at the currentrate of child mortality reduction. The deaths due to the easily preventable and treatable causes indicate that either health s...

Public health o cials have long been aware of seasonal fluctuations in morbidity and mortality, and in response have taken measures to mediate the increases. In contrast, they have not paid much attention to another seasonal relationship: the influence of birth month on child health. The probability of dying before age one or during childhood is not always the same for children born during di↵e...

BACKGROUND Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of child mortality and one of the main causes of medical consultation for children in sub-Saharan countries. This paper attempts to determine the risk factors and neighborhood inequalities of diarrheal morbidity among under-5 children in selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1990-2013. DESIGN Data used come from the Demographi...

Launched on 2nd October 1975, today, ICDS Scheme represents one of the world’s largest and most unique programmes for early childhood development. ICDS is the foremost symbol of India’s commitment to her children – India’s response to the challenge of providing pre-school education on one hand and breaking the vicious cycle of malnutrition, morbidity, reduced learning capacity and mortality, on...

The development and availability is described of new, user friendly software, the Maternal and Child Health Smoking Attributable Mortality, Morbidity and Economic Costs (MCHSAMMEC), that will allow states and other entities to estimate pregnancy related, smoking attributable costs for their population. The methodology underlying the MCHSAMMEC software, including calculations used in the prevale...