Cells infected with vaccinia viruses expressing the equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) gag gene (VGag) or gag plus the 5' pol encoding protease (VGag/PR) were evaluated with monoclonal antibody to a p26 capsid protein linear epitope (QEISKFLTD). Both recombinant viruses expressed Gag precursor protein (55K) whereas only VGag/PR expressed a detectable Gag-Pol fusion protein (82K) with a func...

In this study, 162 horses, 80 donkeys and 51 mule serum samples were collected in Konya city. Additionally, 64 horse serum samples from Ankara and 49 samples from Kayseri city were included in the study. A total of 406 serum samples were examined by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and no positiv...

background and aims: infectious mononucleosis (im)is the clinical manifestation of primary infection with epstein-barr virus (ebv). humans are the only known reservoir of ebv. regarding the problems in diagnosis of the disease, the purpose of this study was to assess enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) as a diagnostic tool for this disease. mater...

infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a contagious pathogen in fowl that results in economic loss in the poultry industry. in this study, the amino acids sequences of three structural proteins m, n, and s1 for five iranian ibv isolated during 1998-2011 have been analyzed. conserved and variable regions, hydrophobic characteristics and identity matrix were determined after alignment by bioedit ve...

infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infects young chickens and causes serious lose to the poultry industry, worldwide. previous attempts using purified bacterially expressed ibdv vp2 failed to elicit a protective immune response to the virus. this study was designed to investigate if the initial expressed protein contained neutralizing epitopes but became nonfunctional during purification st...

Chicken infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes severe respiratory and renal dysfunction in chickens. In the present study, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the nucleocapsid (N) protein gene of strain Massachusetts (Mass) H120 of IBV that is commonly used in the vaccine production in Iran. The PCR product with the expected size of 1.2 kb was cloned in...

Wild-type rabbitpox virus (RPV) produces red hemorrhagic pocks on the chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of embryonated chicken eggs. Like the crmA (SPI-2) gene of cowpox virus, disruption of the RPV ps/hr gene results in a mutant which produces white pocks on the CAMs. An examination of the properties of the RPV(ps/hr) mutant in cell culture also reveals a significantly reduced host range, defin...

Xenotropic mouse leukemia viruses (X-MLVs) are broadly infectious for mammals except most of the classical strains of laboratory mice. These gammaretroviruses rely on the XPR1 receptor for entry, and the unique resistance of laboratory mice is due to two mutations in different putative XPR1 extracellular loops. Cells from avian species differ in susceptibility to X-MLVs, and 2 replacement mutat...

Background and Aims: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the etiological agent of infectious bronchitis (IB), which is an acute and highly contagious disease of the respiratory and sometimes the urogenital tracts of chickens. In Iran, the disease has been identified in chicken flocks with serological and virus isolation methods. Gene 3c (E) encode envelop (small membrane) protein. For envelope...