Recent years have seen a powerful revival of fluorescence microscopy techniques, both to observe live cells and fixed objects. The limits of sensitivity, simultaneous detection of multiple chromophores, and spatial resolution have all been pushed to the extreme. Therefore, it is essential to improve in parallel the quality of the structural and antigenic preservation during fixation and immunos...

Extending carbon frameworks via a series of C-C bond forming reactions is essential for the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceutically active compounds, active agrochemical ingredients, and a variety of functional materials. The application of stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions to the one-pot synthesis of biorelevant compounds is now emerging as a challenging and powerful strategy ...

Variations in the pliysico-chemical properties of ketoconazole have been studied, following polymorphic changes caused by fusion-cooling processes or by recrystallization in solvents commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry. Changes in physico-chemical properties were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infra-red, X-rays and HPLC. Results revealed changes in the peak temper...

The macroscopical characters of the leaves, leaf constants, physico-chemical constants, extractive values, colour, consistency, pH, extractive values with different solvents, micro chemical test, fluorescence characters of liquid extracts and leaf powder after treatment with different chemical reagents under visible and UV light at 254mn, measurement of cell and tissues were studied to fix some...

Chemically derived graphene oxide (GO) possesses a unique set of properties arising from oxygen functional groups that are introduced during chemical exfoliation of graphite. Large-area thin-film deposition of GO, enabled by its solubility in a variety of solvents, offers a route towards GO-based thin-film electronics and optoelectronics. The electrical and optical properties of GO are strongly...

Many ionic liquids and low molecular weight polar solvents have been reported to support amphiphile self-assembly, with most of these reported for the first time in the last decade. This phenomenon is attributed to the solvophobic effect (analogous to the hydrophobic effect in water). However, to date there has been no systematic study which evaluates micelle formation in a large library of non...

Sterically-stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latexes dispersed in nonpolar solvents are a classic, well-studied system in colloid science. This is because they can easily be synthesized with a narrow size distribution and because they interact essentially as hard spheres. These PMMA latexes can be charged using several methods (by adding surfactants, incorporating ionizable groups, or...

Detailed studies have been made using different source gases and solvents in a Micromass Quattro mass spectrometer under positive ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization conditions. The major background ions from nitrogen, air, or carbon dioxide were investigated by tandem mass spectrometry, followed by similar studies on solvents commonly employed in normal- and reversed-phase high-perfor...

Nanostructures due to their small size, in comparison with their bulk counterparts, possess unique properties including magnetic, electrochemical and photonic properties. Therefore, such nanomaterials found a wide variety of application in different fields such as catalysis, electronic and spintronics, life and material sciences. Controlling the morphology and structure of nanomaterials is of c...

A simple and rapid in vitro chemical solubility test applicable to industrial uranium trioxide (UO3) was developed together with two in vitro cellular tests using rat alveolar macrophages maintained either in gas phase or in alginate beads at 37 degrees C. Industrial UO3 was characterized by particle size, X-ray, and IR spectra, and chemical transformation (e.g., aging and hydration of the dust...