nowadays, in order to apportion the risk and to avoid the vessels' delay, most of the voyage charters include provisions, either explicit or tacit, which binding the charterers to carry out loading and discharging operation in a designated time limit (laytime), urge them,in case of delay,to pay the owners an agreed amount (ie. demurrage).though, liability for demurrage rests with the chart...

The work on the named entity recognition (NER) in databases of historical texts has been placed among the most promising new ways to implement best recovery and managements tools for exploring mass data. In this paper, we describe the application processing NER through a modelling with CRF on an annotated database of Burgundy collection of charters from the tenth to thirteenth centuries. The ai...

Since the eleventh century, the establishment of municipal in stitutions (Concelhos) in Portugal followed the process of creation of the country itself. Military reasons were present in this association because of the constant state of war with bordering Islam. The Concelhos helped to secure the conquests through the settlement of population. However we find this is only a partial description o...

Two high-level multisectoral global conferences on road traffic safety (Moscow, 2009 and Brasilia, 2015), held under the auspices of the United Nations, adopted formal declarations on both occasions. Given the potential of these documents to establish positions, propose guidelines, policies and legal frameworks, this paper compares these charters, in order to identify the emphases, expectations...

Recent legislative efforts to protect credit unions against unfavorable legislation reflect the growing importance of credit unions in the U.S. financial services sector. Efforts to address new technologies, combined with deregulation in financial services, have led changes in the field of membership rules governing how credit unions are chartered and how they may grow. These regulations have c...

This paper describes 20BJ, a tactic-based generic theorem prover that encodes object logics into equational logic via an abstract data type of object logic sentences and proofs. 20BJ is built upon OBJ3, a term rewriting implementation of (order sorted conditional) equational logic. Because object logic proofs are explicitly represented, 20BJ can not only reason with them, but also about them, a...