The efficient synthesis of functionalized enamines including β-enaminoesters was effectively accomplished by the direct condensation of functionalized sp(3) carbanions such as acetates with formamides using in situ generated HMDS base from catalytic cesium fluoride and stoichiometric tristrimethylsilylamine.

The discovery of the crown ethers stemmed from efforts to control the catalytic activity of vanadium and copper by complexation with multidentate ligands. The first crown ether, 2,3,11,12-dibenzo-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclo-octadeca-2,11-diene, was obtained in 0.4% yield during an attempt to prepare a phenolic ligand from catechol and bis(2-chloroethyl)ether. This compound, which complexed with...

The development of novel transition metal carbides for improved hard coating technologies requires a detailed understanding the factors influencing their stability and mechanical performance. To this end, we carried out first principles calculations based on density functional theory to tabulate electronic structures, formation energies, phonon dispersion curves 3d adopting zincblende, rocksalt...

Ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric (UV-MALDI-MS) analysis of highly acidic, thermally labile species such as glycosaminoglycan-derived oligosaccharides is complicated by their poor ionization efficiency and tendency to fragment through the loss of sulfo groups. We have utilized a systematic approach to evaluate the effect of alkali metal counterions on th...

FACET, the Facility for Advanced Accelerator and Experimental Tests, is a new facility being constructed in sector 20 of the SLAC linac primarily to study beam driven plasma wakefield acceleration beginning in summer 2011. The nominal FACET parameters are 23GeV, 3nC electron bunches compressed to ~20μm long and focused to ~10μm wide. The intense fields of the FACET bunches will be used to field...

We report measurements of the absolute energies hyperfine components $12s \ ^2S_{1/2}$ and $13s levels atomic cesium, $^{133}$Cs. Using frequency difference between these components, we determine coupling constants for states, values with a relative uncertainty $\sim$0.06 %. also examine structure $11d ^2D_{J}$ ($J=3/2, 5/2$) resolve sign ambiguity from previous states. derive new, high precisi...

The polymorphism of liquid cesium at atmospheric pressure in thetemperature range ~590 K the form a second-order phasetransition, announced late 90s, is not confirmed new experimentalworks and computer simulations its properties. At same time, thequestion whether change properties with adecrease or increase density up to two times monotonous isaccompanied by various anomalies needs further rese...

As the power conversion efficiency and stability of solar cells based on metal halide perovskites continue to improve, community increasingly relies compounds formed mixed cations halides for highest performing devices. The result is that device engineers now have a potentially infinite number compositions choose from. While this has provided large scope optimization, it increased complexity fi...

We measured the concentrations of chromium, cesium, and tin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 29 patients with brain tumors [21 benign (BBT) and eight malignant (MBT)], 28 leukemic patients, 14 patients with lymphoma or noncerebral solid tumors (NLCT), and 32 control patients (15 with neurological disorders and 17 with noneurological conditions) by use of flameless atomic absorption spectroph...

The molecular and crystal structures of solvent-free potassium, rubidium, and cesium oxalates have been determined ab initio from high-resolution synchrotron and X-ray laboratory powder patterns. In the case of potassium oxalate K(2)C(2)O(4) (a = 10.91176(7) A, b = 6.11592(4) A, c = 3.44003(2) A, orthorhombic, Pbam, Z = 2), the oxalate anion is planar, whereas in cesium oxalate Cs(2)C(2)O(4) (a...