Total ear reconstruction in the postburn auricle is one of the most challenging procedures for plastic surgeons. Adverse factors associated with these procedures include reduced or damaged blood supply, poor elasticity of scar tissue, increased risk of infection, and the possible destruction of skin, temporoparietal fascia, or retroauricular fascia. In cases where patients are severely burned, ...

Sarday, M ay 6, 2017 moyamoya disease (6). Flaps included flow through radial forearm fasciocutaneous flaps (2), a flow through radial forearm fascial flap (1) and flow through pedicled temporoparietal fascial flaps (4). The superficial temporal vessels (6) and facial vessels (1) were used as the recipient site pedicle. Flow through reperfusion was established into the middle cerebral artery (5...

Bandoh reported the 3-square-flap method as a procedure for interdigital space reconstruction in patients with minor syndactyly. We recently modified this flap design so that it could be used in the treatment of toe syndactyly involving fusion of the areas distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint. With our method, the reconstructed interdigital space consists of 4 oblong flaps (A through D)...

BACKGROUND A great variety of flaps have been used in lower limb reconstructive surgery: random pattern flaps, axial flaps and free microsurgical transfers with many variants. After further research on the cutaneous blood supply and improvement of microsurgical techniques, perforator propeller flaps began to be studied and used. MATERIAL AND METHOD A propeller flap is defined as an insular fl...

BACKGROUND A post-burn flexion contracture of the knee joint is a disabling condition which interferes with an upright posture and a bipedal locomotion. Islanded perforator flaps have been used to resurface the tissue defect which is produced as a result of the contracture release. Despite their various advantages, they are limited by an increased tendency to undergo venous congestion. Perforat...

Due to its increasing popularity, more and more articles on the use of perforator flaps have been reported in the literature during the past few years. Because the area of perforator flaps is new and rapidly evolving, there are no definitions and standard rules on terminology and nomenclature, which creates confusion when surgeons try to communicate and compare surgical techniques. This article...

Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) participates in removal of RNA primers of Okazaki fragments, several DNA repair pathways, and genome stability maintenance. Defects in yeast FEN1 produce chromosomal instability, hyper-recombination, and sequence duplication. These occur because flaps produced during replication are not promptly removed. Long-lived flaps sustain breaks and form misaligned bubble struc...

In 2009, we have described the use of freestyle facial artery perforator flaps for one-stage nose reconstruction. Since then, several articles have reported the use of facial artery perforator flaps for nose reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to provide an update of the published technique after 10 years of experience. Since 2004, 21 patients have been treated with a freestyle facia...

Hyperbaric oxygen has been advocated, both as an adjunctive or primary form of treatment, for a variety of disorders, including gas gangrene, osteoradionecrosis, and carbon monoxide poisoning. It has also been used to improve ischemic wounds before skin grafting and to support ischemic flaps. In this review, we analyze the available literature that investigates the use of hyperbaric oxygen for ...

A speech production experiment was conducted to investigate how well native Japanese speakers can produce a non-contrastive sound in American English, namely, intervocalic alveolar flaps, and how their production varies as a function of language experience. Native Japanese speakers who have prior experience living in the US produced English sentences containing potentially flappable segments. R...